Potdar Jyotsna, Dahiphale Swati M
Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Jan 14;16(1):e52240. doi: 10.7759/cureus.52240. eCollection 2024 Jan.
A hydatidiform mole (HM), often known as molar pregnancy, is a type of prenatal trophoblastic illness that develops in the placenta and has the potential to spread. HMs are caused by genetic issues with either the egg or the sperm. They are typically discovered in the first trimester of pregnancy. Abnormal bleeding is one of the initial symptoms, which can seldom be accompanied by the passage of hydropic villi. Theca lutein cysts, absent fetal heart tones, enlarged uterus more than anticipated for gestational age, pregnancy-induced hypertension in the first trimester, hyperemesis, and increased levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) for gestational dates are other characteristic symptoms and signs. A rare type of follicular cyst known as a theca lutein cyst is a benign ovarian disease caused by natural overstimulation of follicles, also known as hyperreactio lutealis (HL). This is linked to choriocarcinomas, multiple gestations, and prenatal trophoblastic illness (molar pregnancy). Unless exacerbated by torsion, rupture, or bleeding, the majority of theca lutein cysts are treated conservatively. Theca lutein cysts do not impact the course of pregnancy and spontaneously recede following delivery. However, HL may mistakenly be diagnosed by doctors as a cancer during pregnancy if it has the potential to look like one. Frequently, inappropriate surgical intervention is caused by the fear of failing to diagnose malignancy. These treatments may therefore result in decreased fertility in the future. Here we present a case of a young unmarried female with an HM and cysts.
葡萄胎（HM），通常称为葡萄胎妊娠，是一种发生在胎盘的产前滋养细胞疾病，具有扩散的可能性。葡萄胎由卵子或精子的基因问题引起。它们通常在妊娠早期被发现。异常出血是最初症状之一，很少伴有水泡状绒毛排出。黄素囊肿、无胎心音、子宫大于孕周预期、妊娠早期出现妊娠高血压、剧吐以及与孕周不符的人绒毛膜促性腺激素（HCG）水平升高是其他典型症状和体征。一种罕见的卵泡囊肿，称为黄素囊肿，是一种由卵泡自然过度刺激引起的良性卵巢疾病，也称为黄素化过度反应（HL）。这与绒毛膜癌、多胎妊娠和产前滋养细胞疾病（葡萄胎妊娠）有关。除非因扭转、破裂或出血而加重，大多数黄素囊肿采用保守治疗。黄素囊肿不影响妊娠过程，分娩后会自行消退。然而，如果HL在孕期有可能看起来像癌症，医生可能会误诊为癌症。通常，由于担心未能诊断出恶性肿瘤，会导致不适当的手术干预。因此，这些治疗可能会导致未来生育能力下降。在此，我们报告一例年轻未婚女性患有葡萄胎和囊肿的病例。
