Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
Vet Med Sci. 2024 Mar;10(2):e1379. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1379.
As a major part of the cost of broiler farms is related to their feed, breeders are looking for diets at a reasonable price. One of these affordable ingredients is sesame meal (SM), which can be used to replace soybean meal (SBM) in diets.
This study aims to investigate the effect of replacing SBM with SM in diets with different levels of calcium (Ca) and phytase (Phy) during the grower (11-24 days), finisher (25-42 days) and whole phases (11-42 days) on the growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood serum parameters of broiler chickens.
A total of 600 1-day-old Ross 308 broiler male chicks were randomly dispensed to 12 dietary treatments with five replicates (10 birds per replicate) based on a completely randomized design in a factorial arrangement of 3 × 2 × 2 with 3 levels of SM (0%, 10% and 20%), 2 levels of Ca (standard (0.87% and 0.79% for grower and finisher phases, respectively) and 0.2% higher than the standard amount) and 2 levels of Phy (0 and 700 FTU/kg diet).
During the study, the significant effects of SM, Ca and Phy on the daily average body weight gain (DAWG) and daily feed intake (DFI) were observed, whereas for the feed conversion ratio, only the effect of SM was significant (p < 0.05). During the finisher and whole phases, the SM and Ca levels influenced the DAWG and DFI, whereas the interaction between Phy and Ca was also significant for DAWG (p < 0.05). The main effects of SM and Ca on the relative weights of breast, heart and liver were significant (p < 0.05). Application of 20% of SM significantly reduced serum Ca concentration (p < 0.05).
Generally, the inclusion of more than 10% of SM in the broilers diet is not recommended. In addition, the use of Phy and Ca levels 0.2% higher than standard in broilers diet could improve the birds' performance.
由于肉鸡养殖场的成本很大一部分与饲料有关，因此饲养者一直在寻找价格合理的饲料。其中一种经济实惠的成分是芝麻粕（SM），它可以替代饲料中的豆粕（SBM）。
本研究旨在探讨在生长期（11-24 天）、育肥期（25-42 天）和全期（11-42 天）饲料中用不同水平的钙（Ca）和植酸酶（Phy）替代 SBM 对肉鸡生长性能、胴体特性和血清参数的影响。
将 600 只 1 日龄罗斯 308 雄性肉鸡雏鸡随机分配到 12 种饲粮处理组，每组 5 个重复（每个重复 10 只鸡），采用完全随机设计，三因素二水平析因设计，三因素分别为 SM（0%、10%和 20%）、Ca（标准（生长期和育肥期分别为 0.87%和 0.79%）和 0.2%高于标准量）和 Phy（0 和 700 FTU/kg 饲粮）。
在研究期间，SM、Ca 和 Phy 对平均日增重（DAWG）和平均日采食量（DFI）有显著影响，而对饲料转化率，只有 SM 的影响显著（p<0.05）。在育肥期和全期，SM 和 Ca 水平影响 DAWG 和 DFI，而 Phy 和 Ca 的互作也显著影响 DAWG（p<0.05）。SM 和 Ca 对胸肌、心脏和肝脏的相对重量有显著影响（p<0.05）。SM 含量达到 20%时显著降低了血清 Ca 浓度（p<0.05）。
一般不建议在肉鸡饲料中添加超过 10%的 SM。此外，在肉鸡饲料中使用比标准水平高 0.2%的 Phy 和 Ca 水平可以提高鸡的生产性能。
