Moramezi Farideh, Nikbakht Roshan, Saadati Najimeh, Farhadi Elham, Raad Negin
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fertility, Infertility and Perinatology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
Golestan Hospital Research and Development Unit, Ahvaz, Iran.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2023 Dec;12(12):3312-3318. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2429_22. Epub 2023 Dec 21.
INTRODUCTION: Recent researches have indicated that pregnancies with frozen embryo transfer are associated with the increment of risk of maternal and neonatal complications, especially hypertension during pregnancy. The present study aimed to compare the occurrence rate of gestational hypertension in pregnancy with frozen embryo transfer and normal pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This research, as a retrospective cross-sectional study, was performed on pregnant women with frozen embryo transfer ( = 97) and women with normal pregnancies ( = 164) referring to medical centers under the supervision of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in 2021. Women aged 18-35 were included in the study after week 20 of pregnancy. Maternal and neonatal outcomes including hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (including gestational hypertension and preeclampsia), preterm birth (before the week 37), low birth weight (lower than 2500 g), neonatal asphyxia (Apgar score >7 in minute 5), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) and bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy were evaluated. The association between frozen embryo transfer and pregnancy outcomes was evaluated using multiple logistic regressions. RESULTS: The findings of this study indicated that pregnancy hypertension was observed in 23 people (23.7%) from the frozen embryo transfer group vs. 18 people (11.0%) from the normal pregnancy group ( = 0.006). Frozen embryo transfer pregnancy has a higher risk of gestational hypertension (OR = 2.521, 95% CI: 1.281-4.962; = 0.007), preterm birth (OR = 2.264, 95% CI: 1.335-3.840; = 0.002), and low birth weight (OR = 2.017, 95% CI: 1.178-3.455; = 0.011). However, the incidence of birth asphyxia ( = 0.850), intrauterine growth restriction ( = 0.068), first-trimester bleeding ( = 0.809), and placenta accreta ( = 0.143) did not show a significant difference between two types of normal pregnancy and frozen embryo transfer pregnancy. CONCLUSION: Frozen embryo transfer pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of maternal and neonatal complications, hypertension, preterm birth, and low birth weight compared to natural and spontaneous pregnancies.
引言：近期研究表明，冷冻胚胎移植妊娠与孕产妇及新生儿并发症风险增加相关，尤其是妊娠期高血压。本研究旨在比较冷冻胚胎移植妊娠与正常妊娠中妊娠期高血压的发生率。 材料与方法：本研究为回顾性横断面研究，于2021年对在阿瓦士医科大学监督下的医疗中心就诊的冷冻胚胎移植孕妇（n = 97）和正常妊娠孕妇（n = 164）进行。纳入妊娠20周后年龄在18 - 35岁的女性。评估孕产妇和新生儿结局，包括妊娠高血压疾病（包括妊娠期高血压和子痫前期）、早产（37周前）、低出生体重（低于2500克）、新生儿窒息（5分钟时阿氏评分>7）、宫内生长受限（IUGR）以及妊娠早期出血。使用多元逻辑回归评估冷冻胚胎移植与妊娠结局之间的关联。 结果：本研究结果表明，冷冻胚胎移植组中有23人（23.7%）出现妊娠高血压，而正常妊娠组中有18人（11.0%）出现妊娠高血压（P = 0.006）。冷冻胚胎移植妊娠发生妊娠期高血压的风险更高（OR = 2.521，95%CI：1.281 - 4.962；P = 0.007）、早产（OR = 2.264，95%CI：1.335 - 3.840；P = 0.002）和低出生体重（OR = 2.017，95%CI：1.178 - 3.455；P = 0.011）。然而，两种类型的正常妊娠和冷冻胚胎移植妊娠在出生窒息（P = 0.850）、宫内生长受限（P = 0.068）、妊娠早期出血（P = 0.809）和胎盘植入（P = 0.143）的发生率上未显示出显著差异。 结论：与自然妊娠和自发妊娠相比，冷冻胚胎移植妊娠与孕产妇及新生儿并发症、高血压、早产和低出生体重的风险更高相关。
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