Liu Xiaofeng, Xu Zhibin, Feng Bo, Zhou Qiang, Guo Shaodan, Liao Simin, Ou Yuhao, Fan Xiaoli, Wang Tao
Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China.
Insitute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Science, Chengdu, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2024 Feb 1;15:1356687. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1356687. eCollection 2024.
Grain hardness (Gh) is important for wheat processing and end-product quality. polymorphism explains over 60% of Gh variation and the novel genetic factors remain to be exploited. In this study, a total of 153 quantitative trait loci (QTLs), clustered into 12 genomic intervals (C1-C12), for 13 quality-related traits were identified using a recombinant inbred line population derived from the cross of Zhongkemai138 (ZKM138) and Chuanmai44 (CM44). Among them, C7 (harboring eight QTLs for different quality-related traits) and C8 (mainly harboring for Gh) were attributed to the famous genes, and , respectively, indicating that the correlation of involved traits was supported by the pleotropic or linked genes. Notably, a novel major stable QTL for Gh was detected in the C12, , with ZKM138-derived allele increasing grain hardness, which was simultaneously mapped by the BSE-Seq method. The geographic pattern and transmissibility of this locus revealed that the increasing-Gh allele is highly frequently present in 85.79% of 373 worldwide wheat varieties and presented 99.31% transmissibility in 144 ZKM138-derivatives, indicating the non-negative effect on yield performance and that its indirect passive selection has happened during the actual breeding process. Thus, the contribution of this new Gh-related locus was highlighted in consideration of improving the efficiency and accuracy of the soft/hard material selection in the molecular marker-assisted process. Further, , , and were initially deduced to be the most potential candidate genes of . Collectively, this study provided valuable information of elucidating the genetic architecture of Gh for wheat quality improvement.
籽粒硬度（Gh）对小麦加工和最终产品质量很重要。多态性解释了超过60%的Gh变异，新的遗传因素仍有待开发。在本研究中，利用中垦麦138（ZKM138）和川麦44（CM44）杂交衍生的重组自交系群体，鉴定了13个品质相关性状的153个数量性状位点（QTL），这些位点聚集成12个基因组区间（C1-C12）。其中，C7（包含8个不同品质相关性状的QTL）和C8（主要包含Gh的QTL）分别归因于著名基因 和 ，表明相关性状的相关性得到了多效性或连锁基因的支持。值得注意的是，在C12中检测到一个新的主要稳定Gh QTL ，ZKM138衍生的等位基因增加了籽粒硬度，该QTL同时通过BSE-Seq方法定位。该位点的地理模式和传递性表明，增加Gh的等位基因在373个全球小麦品种中的85.79%中高度频繁出现，在144个ZKM138衍生物中呈现99.31%的传递性，表明对产量性能有非负影响，并且在实际育种过程中发生了间接被动选择。因此，考虑到提高分子标记辅助过程中软/硬材料选择的效率和准确性，突出了这个新的Gh相关位点的贡献。此外， 、 和 最初被推断为 的最有潜力的候选基因。总的来说，本研究为阐明小麦品质改良中Gh的遗传结构提供了有价值的信息。
