Li Jing, Kong Yuxin, Guo Zhiyun, Qu Lei, Zhang Zhaopeng, Qu Zhengxiu, Wang Hairong, Chai Tongjie, Li Ning
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province71018, China; Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China.
College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province71018, China; Sino-German Cooperative Research Centre for Zoonosis of Animal Origin Shandong Province, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, Shandong Province 271018, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2024 Mar 15;273:116114. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116114. Epub 2024 Feb 16.
The composition of particulate matter (PM) in poultry farms differs significantly from that of atmospheric PM as there is a higher concentration of microbes on farms. To assess the health effects of PM from poultry farms on pregnant animals, we collected PM from duck houses using a particulate sampler, processed it via centrifugation and vacuum concentration, and subsequently exposed the mice to airborne PM at 0.48 mg/m (i.e., low concentration group) and 1.92 mg/m (i.e., high concentration group) on the fifth day of pregnancy. After exposure until the twentieth day of pregnancy or spontaneous delivery, mice were euthanized for sampling. The effects of PM from duck houses on the pregnancy toxicity of mice were analyzed using histopathological analysis, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results showed that exposure to PM had adverse effects on pregnant mice that reduced their feed intake in both groups. Microscopic lesions were observed in the lungs and placentas of pregnant mice, and the lesions worsened with increased PM concentrations, as shown by alveolar wall thickening, the infiltration of inflammatory cells in pulmonary interstitium, congestion, edema, and cellular degeneration of placenta. In pregnant mice in the high concentration group, exposure to PM significantly increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the lungs and placentas, caused oxidative stress, and decreased estrogen level in the blood. Exposure to PM also resulted in the reduced litter sizes of pregnant mice and shorter body and tail lengths in the fetuses delivered. Beyond that, exposure to PM significantly downregulated the levels of antioxidant factor superoxide dismutase and neurotrophic factor Ngf in the brains of fetuses. Collectively, exposure to a high concentration of PM by inhalation among pregnant mice caused significant pregnancy toxicity that led to abnormal fetal development due to inflammatory damage and oxidative stress. These findings established a foundation for future studies on the underlying mechanisms of pregnancy toxicity induced by exposure to PM.
家禽养殖场颗粒物（PM）的组成与大气中的PM有显著差异，因为养殖场中微生物的浓度更高。为了评估家禽养殖场PM对怀孕动物健康的影响，我们使用颗粒物采样器从鸭舍收集PM，通过离心和真空浓缩进行处理，随后在怀孕第5天将小鼠暴露于0.48 mg/m³（即低浓度组）和1.92 mg/m³（即高浓度组）的空气中PM中。暴露至怀孕第20天或自然分娩后，对小鼠实施安乐死以进行采样。采用组织病理学分析、酶联免疫吸附测定和定量实时聚合酶链反应（qPCR）分析鸭舍PM对小鼠妊娠毒性的影响。结果表明，暴露于PM对怀孕小鼠有不良影响，两组小鼠的采食量均减少。在怀孕小鼠的肺和胎盘中观察到微观病变，随着PM浓度增加病变加重，表现为肺泡壁增厚、肺间质炎性细胞浸润、充血、水肿以及胎盘细胞变性。在高浓度组的怀孕小鼠中，暴露于PM显著增加了肺和胎盘中炎性细胞因子的表达，引起氧化应激，并降低了血液中的雌激素水平。暴露于PM还导致怀孕小鼠的窝产仔数减少，所产胎儿的身体和尾巴长度缩短。除此之外，暴露于PM显著下调了胎儿大脑中抗氧化因子超氧化物歧化酶和神经营养因子Ngf的水平。总体而言，怀孕小鼠吸入高浓度PM导致显著的妊娠毒性，由于炎性损伤和氧化应激导致胎儿发育异常。这些发现为未来研究暴露于PM诱导妊娠毒性的潜在机制奠定了基础。
