National Centre of Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT.
Med J Aust. 2024 Feb 19;220(3):154-163. doi: 10.5694/mja2.52216.
To assess the socio-demographic and health-related characteristics of people who smoke daily, people who formerly smoked, and people who have never smoked in Australia.
Cross-sectional analysis of Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) survey data.
SETTING, PARTICIPANTS: Adult participants (16 370 people aged 18 years or older) in the ABS 2017-18 National Health Survey (NHS); adult participants in the ABS 2018-19 National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health Survey (NATSIHS) (6423 people aged 18 years or older).
Socio-demographic and health-related characteristics of people who smoke daily, people who formerly smoked, and people who have never smoked, expressed as population-weighted proportions, overall and by Indigeneity.
Among adult NHS respondents, an estimated 58.8% of people who smoked daily (95% confidence interval [CI], 56.2-61.4%) were men, 61.3% (95% CI, 58.7-63.9%) were 25-54 years old, 72.5% (95% CI, 70.0-74.8%) were born in Australia, and 65.4% (95% CI, 62.8-67.8%) lived in major cities and 54.3% (95% CI, 51.6-57.0%) in areas in the two socio-economically most disadvantaged quintiles; 75.9% (95% CI, 73.5-78.1%) reported good to excellent health, 73.0% (95% CI, 70.5-75.4%) reported low to moderate psychological distress, 69.0% of those aged 25-64 years (ie, of working age) had completed year 12 (high school), and 68.5% were currently employed. An estimated 2.57 million people smoke daily in Australia: 2.37 million non-Indigenous people (92%) and 195 700 Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people (8%).
While smoking is more frequent among people living in socio-economically disadvantaged areas and in certain population sub-groups, this first quantitative national profile indicates that most people who smoke daily are in paid employment, are non-Indigenous, are in good physical and mental health, and have completed year 12. Improved comprehensive structural supply- and demand-based tobacco control, informed by the needs of priority groups and the overall profile of people who smoke, is needed to reduce daily smoking prevalence among adults to the 2030 targets of 5% or less for all Australians and 27% or less for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people.
评估澳大利亚每日吸烟人群、曾经吸烟人群和从不吸烟人群的社会人口学和健康相关特征。
澳大利亚统计局（ABS）调查数据的横断面分析。
设置、参与者：ABS 2017-18 年全国健康调查（NHS）中年龄在 18 岁及以上的成年参与者（16370 人）；ABS 2018-19 年全国原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民健康调查（NATSIHS）中年龄在 18 岁及以上的成年参与者（6423 人）。
每日吸烟人群、曾经吸烟人群和从不吸烟人群的社会人口学和健康相关特征，以人群加权比例表示，总体和按原住民身份表示。
在 NHS 的成年受访者中，估计有 58.8%（95%置信区间[CI]，56.2-61.4%）的每日吸烟者为男性，61.3%（95%CI，58.7-63.9%）年龄在 25-54 岁之间，72.5%（95%CI，70.0-74.8%）出生于澳大利亚，65.4%（95%CI，62.8-67.8%）居住在主要城市，54.3%（95%CI，51.6-57.0%）居住在社会经济最不利的两个五分位数地区；75.9%（95%CI，73.5-78.1%）报告健康状况良好到极好，73.0%（95%CI，70.5-75.4%）报告低到中度心理困扰，69.0%（25-64 岁，即工作年龄）完成了 12 年级（高中），68.5%的人目前有工作。澳大利亚估计有 257 万人每天吸烟：237 万非原住民（92%）和 195700 名原住民或托雷斯海峡岛民（8%）。
尽管生活在社会经济弱势地区和某些人群亚组中的人吸烟更为频繁，但这是首次进行全国性的定量研究，表明大多数每天吸烟的人都在从事有薪工作，是非原住民，身心健康，且完成了 12 年级学业。需要通过以优先群体的需求和总体吸烟人群特征为基础的全面综合供应和需求为基础的烟草控制措施，来降低成年人的每日吸烟率，以实现到 2030 年的目标，即所有澳大利亚人吸烟率降至 5%或以下，原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民的吸烟率降至 27%或以下。
