Mueller Carina, Zeinstra Gertrude G, Forde Ciarán G, Jager Gerry
Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, 6703 HD, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Wageningen Food & Biobased Research, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
Appetite. 2024 May 1;196:107277. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107277. Epub 2024 Feb 16.
Health agencies advocate reducing children's sweetness exposure to lower sweetness preference or liking to ultimately lower sugar intake. However, the relationship between sweetness exposure, preference, and liking remains unclear. This work investigated the influence of exposure to a sucrose-containing sweet or sour-tasting drink on sweetness preference and liking for sweet and sour products in 4-7-year-old children (n = 65). The children were randomized into three groups with one daily exposure to either the sweet drink, sour drink, or water (control group) for 14 days. Sweetness preference was assessed at baseline (t1), day 15 (t2), and two months after the intervention (t3), using a forced-choice, paired comparison test with five beverages varying in sweetness intensity. Hedonic liking for the intervention drinks, a sweet and sour yogurt, and a sweet and sour candy was evaluated using a 5-point pictorial scale. Linear mixed models revealed a significant increase in sweetness preference from t1 to t3 (F(2) = 7.46, p < 0.001). However, ANCOVA analysis indicated that this effect was not caused by the intervention. Based on linear mixed models, we observed that children's hedonic liking for sweet and sour products remained stable from t1 to t3 and was not influenced by the intervention. These findings suggest that 14 exposures to a sucrose-containing sweet or sour-tasting drink did not affect sweetness preference or liking in 4-7-year-old children.
卫生机构提倡减少儿童对甜味的接触，以降低对甜味的偏好或喜爱程度，最终降低糖分摄入量。然而，甜味接触、偏好和喜爱之间的关系仍不明确。这项研究调查了4至7岁儿童（n = 65）接触含蔗糖甜味饮料或酸味饮料对其对甜味和酸味产品的偏好及喜爱程度的影响。孩子们被随机分为三组，其中一组每天接触甜味饮料，一组每天接触酸味饮料，另一组每天接触水（对照组），为期14天。在基线期（t1）、第15天（t2）和干预后两个月（t3），使用强制选择、配对比较测试对甜味偏好进行评估，测试中使用五种甜度不同的饮料。使用5分制图片量表评估对干预饮料、酸甜酸奶和酸甜糖果的享乐性喜爱程度。线性混合模型显示，从t1到t3甜味偏好显著增加（F(2) = 7.46，p < 0.001）。然而，协方差分析表明，这种效应并非由干预引起。基于线性混合模型，我们观察到，从t1到t3，儿童对酸甜产品的享乐性喜爱程度保持稳定，且不受干预影响。这些研究结果表明，4至7岁儿童接触含蔗糖甜味饮料或酸味饮料14次不会影响其甜味偏好或喜爱程度。
