Aquaculture Program, Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries (IRTA), Centre de La Ràpita, Crta. Poble Nou, km 5.5, 43540, La Ràpita, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2024 Feb 18;14(1):4007. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-54519-6.
Inter-species microbial transplantations offer the possibility of transferring species-specific microbes and their associated functionality. As a conceptual approach, an intestinal microbiota transplant (IMT) between two marine carnivorous fish species that thrive in different environmental conditions was conducted: from donor Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) to recipient gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), after obliterating its basal microbiota with an antibiotic treatment. To confirm that the gut microbiota was able to recover after antibiotics without the influence of the diet, a group of gilthead seabream not submitted to the IMT was kept fasted as an internal control. To assess the effect of the diet after the IMT, two groups of gilthead seabream were respectively fed with their typical diet and with Atlantic salmon diet. At 36 days post-IMT, the gut of the individuals fed with their typical diet was dominated by the feed-associated bacteria, while those fed with the salmon diet had developed a unique microbiota from the convergence of the diet, donor, and recipient microbiota. These results suggested that an intestinal microbiota transplantation may be effective if the basal microbiota from the gut is first cleared and a targeted dietary modification is provided to maintain and enrich the novel bacteria species over time.
种间微生物移植提供了转移物种特异性微生物及其相关功能的可能性。作为一种概念方法，在两种在不同环境条件下茁壮成长的海洋肉食性鱼类之间进行了肠道微生物群移植（IMT）：从供体大西洋鲑（Salmo salar）到受体金头鲷（Sparus aurata），先用抗生素处理消灭其基础微生物群。为了确认抗生素处理后肠道微生物群在没有饮食影响的情况下能够恢复，一组未进行 IMT 的金头鲷被禁食作为内部对照。为了评估 IMT 后的饮食影响，两组金头鲷分别用其典型饮食和大西洋鲑饮食进行喂养。在 IMT 后 36 天，用典型饮食喂养的个体的肠道主要由饲料相关细菌主导，而用鲑鱼饮食喂养的个体则从饮食、供体和受体微生物群的融合中形成了独特的微生物群。这些结果表明，如果首先清除肠道的基础微生物群，并提供靶向饮食改变以随着时间的推移维持和丰富新的细菌物种，肠道微生物群移植可能是有效的。
