Dávila León Rebeca, González-Vázquez Marcela, Lima-Villegas Karen Estefania, Mora-Escobedo Rosalva, Calderón-Domínguez Georgina
Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas Instituto Politécnico Nacional Ciudad de México Mexico.
Food Sci Nutr. 2023 Nov 21;12(2):722-733. doi: 10.1002/fsn3.3841. eCollection 2024 Feb.
The trend toward healthier food products has led to an increase in the research of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion methods. Among the most used models, static models are the simplest. Most static models have three stages: oral, gastric, and intestinal, simulating the enzymatic, electrolyte, pH, temperature, and bile salt conditions. The studies that have taken the most notice are those related to antioxidant activity, followed by those dealing with proteins and carbohydrates using most of them static in vitro digestion models. The number of these studies has increased over the years, passing from 45 to 415 in a 10-year period (2012-2023) and showing an interest in knowing the impact of food on human health. Nevertheless, published papers report different methodologies and analytical approaches. This review discusses the similarities and differences between the published static in vitro gastrointestinal digestion methods, with a focus on carbohydrates, finding that the most used protocol is Infogest, but with differences, mainly in the type of enzymes and their activity. Regarding in vitro gastrointestinal digestion of carbohydrates, many of the published studies are related to food and biomacromolecules, being the oral phase the most omitted, while the intestinal phase in the most diverse. Other methodologies to study the intestinal phase have been recommended, but the number of in vitro digestion studies using these methodologies (RSIE and BBMV) is still scarce but could represent a good alternative to analyze carbohydrates foods when combining with Infogest. More studies are required in this area.
向更健康食品发展的趋势导致了体外胃肠消化方法研究的增加。在最常用的模型中，静态模型是最简单的。大多数静态模型有三个阶段：口腔、胃和肠道，模拟酶、电解质、pH值、温度和胆汁盐条件。最受关注的研究是那些与抗氧化活性相关的研究，其次是那些使用大多数静态体外消化模型处理蛋白质和碳水化合物的研究。这些研究的数量多年来一直在增加，在10年期间（2012 - 2023年）从45项增加到415项，显示出人们对了解食物对人类健康影响的兴趣。然而，已发表的论文报告了不同的方法和分析方法。本综述讨论了已发表的静态体外胃肠消化方法之间的异同，重点是碳水化合物，发现最常用的方案是Infogest，但存在差异，主要在于酶的类型及其活性。关于碳水化合物的体外胃肠消化，许多已发表的研究与食物和生物大分子有关，其中口腔阶段最常被省略，而肠道阶段最为多样。已经推荐了其他研究肠道阶段的方法，但使用这些方法（RSIE和BBMV）的体外消化研究数量仍然很少，但与Infogest结合使用时可能是分析碳水化合物食物的一个很好的替代方法。该领域还需要更多的研究。
