Numata Takanori, Okuda Keitaro, Miyagawa Hanae, Minagawa Shunsuke, Ishikawa Takeo, Hara Hiromichi, Araya Jun
Division of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob. 2024 Jan 28;3(2):100219. doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100219. eCollection 2024 May.
Few studies have reported the clinical features of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) who were treated with biologics for severe asthma (SA).
We sought to elucidate the clinical features and mutual interaction between COVID-19 and SA in terms of disease severity during the Omicron epidemic.
A retrospective study among patients with SA who received any biologic therapy from January 2022 to February 2023 at Jikei University Hospital (Tokyo, Japan) was performed.
Among 99 patients with SA, 22 women and 6 men suffered from COVID-19, and 1 woman was reinfected. The severity of COVID-19 was mild in 26 cases and moderate in 3 cases. The number of vaccinations among patients with mild COVID-19 was significantly higher than that among patients with moderate COVID-19 (3.0 ± 1.4 vs 1.0 ± 1.0; = .03). Asthmatic exacerbations were mild in 9 cases and moderate in 7 cases. The severity of asthmatic exacerbations was significantly associated with the Asthma Control Test score at baseline (no/mild/moderate exacerbation = 23.0 ± 2.3/18.1 ± 5.3/15.0 ± 4.3; = .004; Kruskal-Wallis test). By means of a multivariate logistic regression analysis, a lower number of vaccinations was a significant risk factor for COVID-19 progression (odds ratio, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.46-0.91; = .006).
During the Omicron epidemic, the onset and severity of COVID-19 were related to the number of vaccinations, and the severity of asthmatic exacerbations caused by COVID-19 was associated with the Asthma Control Test score at baseline and the number of vaccinations but not with the use of biologics.
很少有研究报道过接受生物制剂治疗的重度哮喘（SA）患者感染2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的临床特征。
我们试图阐明在奥密克戎流行期间，COVID-19与SA在疾病严重程度方面的临床特征及相互作用。
对2022年1月至2023年2月在日本东京慈惠会医科大学医院接受任何生物制剂治疗的SA患者进行了一项回顾性研究。
在99例SA患者中，22名女性和6名男性感染了COVID-19，1名女性再次感染。26例COVID-19病情为轻度，3例为中度。轻度COVID-19患者的疫苗接种次数显著高于中度COVID-19患者（3.0±1.4 vs 1.0±1.0；P = 0.03）。哮喘加重9例为轻度，7例为中度。哮喘加重的严重程度与基线时的哮喘控制测试评分显著相关（无/轻度/中度加重=23.0±2.3/18.1±5.3/15.0±4.3；P = 0.004；Kruskal-Wallis检验）。通过多因素逻辑回归分析，较低的疫苗接种次数是COVID-19病情进展的显著危险因素（比值比，0.64；95%可信区间，0.46-0.91；P = 0.006）。
在奥密克戎流行期间，COVID-19的发病和严重程度与疫苗接种次数有关，COVID-19引起的哮喘加重严重程度与基线时的哮喘控制测试评分及疫苗接种次数有关，但与生物制剂的使用无关。
