Zarei Hamed, Norasteh Ali Asghar, Dehghani Nastaran, Lieberman Lauren J, Ertel Michael W, Brian Ali
PhD Student in Physical Education and Sport Sciences, (Corrective Exercise and Sport Injuries), Corrective Exercises and Sports Injury Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
Professor, PhD, P.T, Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
Disabil Rehabil. 2024 Dec;46(25):6001-6010. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2024.2318486. Epub 2024 Feb 20.
Motor skills are involved in many physical activities and are prerequisites for the performance of sport skills. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effects of exercise training programs (ETP) on the motor skills of individuals with intellectual disabilities (IwID).
Primary sources were obtained from four databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, CENTRAL, and Web of Science. The search period covered years from inception to October 26, 2023. Inclusion criteria were as follows: Population: IwID; Intervention: ETP; Comparator: motor skills vs. nontraining control; Outcomes: motor skills outcomes. Standardized mean differences, weighted mean differences, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using both random and fixed-effect models for outcomes.
A total of 14 studies involving 586 participants were included in the systematic review. The results of the present meta-analysis showed that ETP improved composite motor skills (1.28 95% CI: [0.86, 1.70], = 0.001), gross motor skills (0.91, 95% CI: [0.62,1.19], = 0.001), fine motor skills (0.74, 95% CI: [0.21,1.27], = 0.01) and fine-gross motor skills (0.64, 95% CI: [0.29, 1.00], = 0.001).
The results meta-analysis demonstrated that ETP improves the motor skills of IwID. Therefore, it is recommended to apply ETP to improve the motor skills of the IwID.
运动技能涉及许多体育活动，是运动技能表现的先决条件。本系统评价的目的是研究运动训练计划（ETP）对智障人士（IwID）运动技能的影响。
主要资料来源包括四个数据库，即PubMed、SCOPUS、CENTRAL和科学网。检索期涵盖从开始到2023年10月26日的年份。纳入标准如下：研究对象：IwID；干预措施：ETP；对照：运动技能与非训练对照组；结果：运动技能结果。使用随机和固定效应模型计算标准化均数差、加权均数差和95%置信区间（CI）作为结果。
本系统评价共纳入14项研究，涉及586名参与者。本荟萃分析结果显示，ETP改善了综合运动技能（标准化均数差为1.28，95%CI：[0.86, 1.70]，P = 0.001）、粗大运动技能（0.91，95%CI：[0.62, 1.19]，P = 0.001）、精细运动技能（0.74，95%CI：[0.21, 1.27]，P = 0.01）和精细-粗大运动技能（0.64，95%CI：[0.29, 1.00]，P = 0.001）。
荟萃分析结果表明，ETP可改善IwID的运动技能。因此，建议应用ETP来改善IwID的运动技能。
