Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang, China.
Carcinogenesis. 2024 Jun 10;45(6):378-386. doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgae015.
Estrogen plays a crucial role in ovarian tumorigenesis. Phytoestrogens (PEs) are a type of daily dietary nutrient for humans and possess a mild estrogenic characteristic. This study aimed to assess the correlation of the consumption of dietary PEs with ovarian cancer risk using data in the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian (PLCO) cancer screening trial. Participants were enrolled in PLCO from 1993 to 2001. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were utilized to determine the association between the intake of PEs and ovarian cancer occurrence, which were calculated by the Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. In total, 24 875 participants were identified upon completion of the initial dietary questionnaire (DQX). Furthermore, the analysis also included a total of 45 472 women who filled out the diet history questionnaire (DHQ). Overall, after adjustment for confounders, the dietary intake of total PEs was significantly associated with the risk of ovarian cancer in the DHQ group (HRQ4vsQ1 = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50-0.95; P for trend = 0.066). Especially, individuals who consumed the highest quartile of isoflavones were found to have a decreased risk of ovarian cancer in the DHQ group (HRQ4vsQ1 = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.50-0.94; P for trend = 0.032). However, no such significant associations were observed for the DQX group. In summary, this study suggests that increased dietary intake of total PEs especially isoflavones was linked with a lower risk for developing ovarian cancer. More research is necessary to validate the findings and explore the potential mechanisms.
雌激素在卵巢肿瘤发生中起着至关重要的作用。植物雌激素（PEs）是人类日常饮食中的一种营养素，具有较弱的雌激素特性。本研究旨在利用前列腺、肺、结直肠和卵巢（PLCO）癌症筛查试验中的数据评估饮食 PEs 消费与卵巢癌风险的相关性。参与者于 1993 年至 2001 年期间参加了 PLCO。利用 Cox 比例风险回归分析计算危害比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI），以确定 PEs 摄入与卵巢癌发生之间的关联。完成初始饮食问卷（DQX）后，共确定了 24875 名参与者。此外，分析还包括总共 45472 名填写饮食史问卷（DHQ）的女性。总体而言，在调整混杂因素后，DHQ 组中总 PEs 的饮食摄入量与卵巢癌风险显著相关（HRQ4vsQ1=0.69，95%CI：0.50-0.95；P 趋势=0.066）。特别是在 DHQ 组中，摄入最高四分位数异黄酮的个体卵巢癌风险降低（HRQ4vsQ1=0.68，95%CI：0.50-0.94；P 趋势=0.032）。然而，在 DQX 组中未观察到这种显著关联。总之，本研究表明，增加总 PEs 特别是异黄酮的饮食摄入量与降低卵巢癌发病风险相关。需要进一步的研究来验证这些发现并探索潜在的机制。
