Department of Epidemiology, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Department of Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Indiana University Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health and School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
J Am Nutr Assoc. 2024 May-Jun;43(4):345-355. doi: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2289520. Epub 2023 Dec 14.
Most previous studies investigated the associations between intake of individual nutrients and risk of disease, which failed to consider the potential interactions and correlations between various nutrients contained in food. Although dietary quality scores provide a comprehensive evaluation of the entire diet, it remains elusive whether they are associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer.
Dietary intake data collected with the Dietary Questionnaire (DQX) and Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ) were used to calculate HEI-2015 and DQI-R scores for participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial. A high score indicates an increased intake of adequacy components and a decreased intake of moderation components. This study included 252 cases of pancreatic cancer documented from 58,477 persons during a median follow-up of 12.2 years in the DQX cohort and 372 cases of pancreatic cancer ascertained from 101,721 persons during a median follow-up of 8.9 years in the DHQ cohort. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was performed to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the associations between the two dietary quality scores and pancreatic cancer risk.
After adjustment for confounders, HEI-2015 and DQI-R scores were not significantly associated with pancreatic cancer risk. However, a significantly lower risk was observed for overweight persons with a higher HEI-2015 score in the DQX cohort (HR [95% CI] comparing the highest with lowest tertile: 0.52 [0.32, 0.85], p for trend = 0.009) and those with higher scores of some individual components.
Collectively, overall dietary quality is not associated with an altered risk of pancreatic cancer in this US population.
大多数先前的研究都调查了摄入个别营养素与疾病风险之间的关联，但这些研究未能考虑到食物中各种营养素之间的潜在相互作用和相关性。尽管饮食质量评分提供了对整个饮食的综合评估，但它们与胰腺癌风险之间的关联仍然难以确定。
使用饮食问卷（DQX）和饮食史问卷（DHQ）收集的饮食摄入数据，计算了前列腺癌、肺癌、结直肠癌和卵巢癌（PLCO）筛查试验参与者的 HEI-2015 和 DQI-R 评分。高分表示充足成分的摄入量增加，适度成分的摄入量减少。这项研究包括了 252 例从 58477 名参与者中记录的胰腺癌病例，在 DQX 队列中中位随访 12.2 年；372 例从 101721 名参与者中记录的胰腺癌病例，在 DHQ 队列中中位随访 8.9 年。使用 Cox 比例风险回归分析计算了这两种饮食质量评分与胰腺癌风险之间的关联的风险比（HR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
在调整了混杂因素后，HEI-2015 和 DQI-R 评分与胰腺癌风险没有显著关联。然而，在 DQX 队列中，超重且 HEI-2015 评分较高的人（最高三分位与最低三分位的 HR [95%CI]：0.52 [0.32, 0.85]，趋势检验的 p 值=0.009）和某些单个成分评分较高的人，胰腺癌的风险显著降低。
总体而言，在美国人群中，整体饮食质量与胰腺癌风险的改变无关。
