Department of Respiratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2024 Feb;28(3):1066-1076. doi: 10.26355/eurrev_202402_35343.
Adverse exposures during pregnancy have been linked with respiratory disorders in the offspring. Research also shows that maternal mental disorders can influence the risk of respiratory illnesses. We hereby systematically examined if specific mental disorders during pregnancy, namely, anxiety and depression, can increase the risk of asthma in the offspring.
A literature search of PubMed, CENTRAL, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to 15th October 2023 was undertaken for cohort studies assessing the association between maternal anxiety/depression and the risk of asthma in the offspring. Adjusted data was quantitatively synthesized in a random-effect meta-analysis model.
Nine studies with 1,027,469 mother-child pairs were included. Studies reported data on anxiety, depression, or both anxiety and depression. Maternal anxiety (OR: 1.61 95% CI: 1.29, 2.01 I2=0%), maternal depression (OR: 1.25 95% CI: 1.07, 1.45 I2=12%), and both combined (OR: 1.28 95% CI: 1.16, 1.41 I2=93%) were associated with significantly increase the risk of asthma in childhood. Overall, the pooled analysis showed that maternal anxiety or depression significantly increased the risk of asthma in childhood by 30% (OR: 1.30 95% CI: 1.20, 1.40 I2=75%). Results remained significant on multiple subgroup analyses.
Maternal anxiety and depression can increase the risk of asthma in childhood. The observational nature of studies, differences in adjusted founders, methodological variations, and predominance of European data are important limitations. Further prospective research taking into account present limitations is needed for improved evidence.
孕期不良暴露与后代呼吸系统疾病有关。研究还表明，母亲的精神障碍可能会影响患呼吸系统疾病的风险。因此，我们系统地研究了孕期特定的精神障碍，即焦虑症和抑郁症，是否会增加后代患哮喘的风险。
从 2023 年 10 月 15 日开始，我们对 PubMed、CENTRAL、Scopus、Embase 和 Web of Science 数据库进行了文献检索，以寻找评估母亲焦虑/抑郁与后代哮喘风险之间关联的队列研究。使用随机效应荟萃分析模型对调整后的数据进行了定量综合。
纳入了 9 项研究，共 1027469 对母婴对。研究报告了焦虑症、抑郁症或焦虑症和抑郁症的数据。母亲焦虑症（OR：1.61，95%CI：1.29，2.01，I2=0%）、母亲抑郁症（OR：1.25，95%CI：1.07，1.45，I2=12%）和两者合并（OR：1.28，95%CI：1.16，1.41，I2=93%）均与儿童哮喘风险显著增加相关。总体而言，汇总分析显示，母亲焦虑症或抑郁症会使儿童哮喘风险增加 30%（OR：1.30，95%CI：1.20，1.40，I2=75%）。多项亚组分析结果仍然显著。
母亲的焦虑症和抑郁症会增加儿童哮喘的风险。研究的观察性质、调整后的基础差异、方法学差异以及欧洲数据的主导地位是重要的局限性。需要进一步进行考虑到现有局限性的前瞻性研究，以提供更好的证据。
