Evidence-Based Nursing Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.
Nursing Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.
Brain Behav. 2024 Jan;14(1):e3378. doi: 10.1002/brb3.3378.
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a common complaint in patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). Despite the fact that the estimated prevalence of RLS among HD patients is widely reported, these results varied significantly in the relevant literature. Due to this limitation, the aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence of RLS among HD patients.
This systematic review was conducted and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses 2020 statement. We searched the electronic databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database, Wanfang Database, Chinese Biomedical Database, and Weipu Database. A random effects model was employed to calculate pooled prevalence rates.
The global pooled prevalence of RLS in HD patients was 27.2% (95% CI: 24.8-29.7). Stratified analyses demonstrated that included studies with sample size <100 had the highest pooled prevalence of RLS. The prevalence of RLS using clinical interviews and questionnaires was 28.7% (95% CI: 25.2-32.2) and 25.9% (95% CI: 22.8-29.1), respectively. RLS prevalence is higher in females (29.7%, 95% CI: 26.2-33.2) HD patients than in males (23.5%, 95% CI: 20.9-26.0), and the African region has the highest prevalence in the world when the diagnostic criteria were restricted to the 2003 version of International RLS Study Group criteria, the prevalence of RLS was highest (28.9%, 95% CI: 25.9-31.9).
Our results revealed a high RLS prevalence in HD patients worldwide. However, the prevalence of RLS among HD patients varied significantly based on sample size, data collection method, gender, diagnostic criteria, and geographical region.
不宁腿综合征（RLS）是接受血液透析（HD）的患者常见的抱怨。尽管 RLS 在 HD 患者中的估计患病率被广泛报道，但相关文献中的结果差异很大。由于这一限制，本研究旨在确定 HD 患者中 RLS 的全球患病率。
本系统评价按照 2020 年系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目进行，并进行了报告。我们搜索了电子数据库：Cochrane 图书馆、PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Scopus、护理与联合健康文献累积索引、中国知识资源综合数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学数据库和维普数据库。采用随机效应模型计算汇总患病率。
HD 患者中 RLS 的全球汇总患病率为 27.2%（95%CI：24.8-29.7）。分层分析表明，样本量<100 的纳入研究具有最高的 RLS 汇总患病率。使用临床访谈和问卷的 RLS 患病率分别为 28.7%（95%CI：25.2-32.2）和 25.9%（95%CI：22.8-29.1）。女性（29.7%，95%CI：26.2-33.2）HD 患者的 RLS 患病率高于男性（23.5%，95%CI：20.9-26.0），当诊断标准仅限于国际 RLS 研究组 2003 年版时，非洲地区的患病率最高，RLS 的患病率最高（28.9%，95%CI：25.9-31.9）。
我们的结果显示，全球范围内 HD 患者的 RLS 患病率较高。然而，RLS 在 HD 患者中的患病率差异很大，这取决于样本量、数据收集方法、性别、诊断标准和地理位置。
