College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China.
Heilongjiang Dongbeinongda Animal Hospital Ltd., Harbin, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Apr 2;12(4):e0418223. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.04182-23. Epub 2024 Feb 20.
Given the burgeoning Nyctereutes procyonoides breeding industry and its growing scale, it is imperative to investigate the impact of high-fat diets on the health of these animals. This study involved 30 male Nyctereutes procyonoides of comparable weights (3 kg ±0.5), randomly assigned to either a control group or a high-fat diet group ( = 15 each). The latter group was fed a mixture of lard and basal diet in a 2:5 ratio, establishing a high-fat diet model in Nyctereutes procyonoides. This diet induced diarrhea and histopathological changes in the Nyctereutes procyonoides. Analysis of the small intestine contents using 16S rRNA sequencing revealed a high-fat diet-induced disruption in the gut microbiota. Specifically, emerged as the biomarker in the high-fat diet group ( = 0.049), while was prevalent in the control group ( = 0.049), indicating a significant increase in harmful bacteria in the high-fat diet group. Furthermore, this disrupted gut flora correlated with inflammation and oxidative stress, as evidenced by marked increases in TNF-α ( < 0.01), IL-1β ( < 0.05), and IL-6 ( < 0.05) levels, measured q-PCR, Western blot, and oxidative stress assays. In addition, q-PCR analysis revealed significant upregulation of apoptosis and necrosis markers, including Bax, Caspase3, Caspase9, Caspase12, RIPK3, and RIPK1 ( < 0.01 to < 0.001), and a concurrent downregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2 ( < 0.01) in the high-fat diet group, consistent with protein expression trends. These findings suggest that a high-fat diet alters the gut microbiome toward a more harmful bacterial composition, escalating inflammatory responses and intestinal tissue permeability, culminating in intestinal cell apoptosis and necrosis.IMPORTANCEThis study examines the impact of high-fat diets on Nyctereutes procyonoides. Our research established a Nyctereutes procyonoides model on a high-fat diet, revealing significant health impacts, such as diarrhea, histological anomalies, and alterations in the gut microbiota. These findings emphasize the importance of preventing health issues and promoting sustainable industry growth. They highlight the significant impact of diet on gut microbiota and overall animal health.
鉴于如今的貉养殖产业正在蓬勃发展且规模不断扩大，我们急需研究高脂肪饮食对这些动物健康的影响。本研究共纳入 30 只体重相近（3kg±0.5kg）的雄性貉，随机分为对照组和高脂肪饮食组（每组 15 只）。后者以 2:5 的比例混合猪油和基础饲料喂养，从而建立了高脂肪饮食的貉模型。这种饮食导致了貉的腹泻和组织病理学变化。通过 16S rRNA 测序对小肠内容物进行分析，结果表明高脂肪饮食会破坏肠道微生物群。具体而言， 成为高脂肪饮食组的生物标志物（ = 0.049），而 在对照组中更为常见（ = 0.049），这表明高脂肪饮食组中有害细菌显著增加。此外，这种破坏的肠道菌群与炎症和氧化应激有关，这一点可以通过 TNF-α（ < 0.01）、IL-1β（ < 0.05）和 IL-6（ < 0.05）水平的显著升高来证明，这些指标通过 q-PCR、Western blot 和氧化应激测定进行测量。此外，q-PCR 分析显示，凋亡和坏死标志物的表达显著上调，包括 Bax、Caspase3、Caspase9、Caspase12、RIPK3 和 RIPK1（ < 0.01 至 < 0.001），同时高脂肪饮食组中的抗凋亡基因 Bcl-2 表达下调（ < 0.01），这与蛋白表达趋势一致。这些发现表明，高脂肪饮食会使肠道微生物组向更具危害性的细菌组成转变，从而加剧炎症反应和肠道组织通透性，最终导致肠道细胞凋亡和坏死。
重要意义
本研究调查了高脂肪饮食对貉的影响。我们的研究建立了高脂肪饮食的貉模型，揭示了明显的健康影响，如腹泻、组织学异常和肠道微生物群的改变。这些发现强调了预防健康问题和促进可持续产业发展的重要性。它们突出了饮食对肠道微生物群和动物整体健康的重大影响。
