Carpio-Arias Tannia Valeria, Guijarro-Garvi Marta, Ruiz-Cantero María Teresa
Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo, Facultad de Salud Pública, Grupo de Investigación en Alimentación y Nutrición Humana, Riobamba, Chimborazo, Ecuador.
Departamento de Economía, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, España.
Gac Sanit. 2024;38:102369. doi: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2024.102369. Epub 2024 Feb 19.
Relate gender inequalities with the probability of mortality from non-communicable diseases (NCD), in the countries of the world from the year 2000 to 2019, to detect the progress of Target 3.4 of the Sustainable Development Goal 3, to reduce NCD by one third between the ages of 30 and 70 by 2030.
Exploratory ecological study on the association between the probability of death from NCD and the gender inequality index (GII) at the global level in 2000, 2015 and 2019. Logistic regression estimation of the risk of not being on track to meet Target 3.4 by 2019 by gender inequality.
The mean probability of death from NCD decreased progressively in all countries. Median 2000/2015/2019: women 20.20/16.58/16; men 26.59/22.45/21.88; total 23.14/20.10/19.23. The risk of not achieving the goal in 2019 is greater in countries with a lower GII than in countries with a higher GII (OR: 2.13; 95% CI: 1.14-3.99; p=0.018), being the higher risk in women (OR: 2.64; 95% CI: 1.40-5.06; p=0.003) than in men (OR: 2.12; 95% CI: 1.44-3.98; p=0.017).
The risk of deaths from NCD has decreased in both sexes in all countries of the world since the year 2000; but progress is slow, so the greater gender inequality in the countries, there is a greater risk of not achieving the reduction needed to comply with the agreement to reduce mortality from NCD by one third in 2030; this risk being greater in women than in men.
将2000年至2019年世界各国的性别不平等与非传染性疾病（NCD）的死亡率相关联，以检测可持续发展目标3的具体目标3.4的进展情况，即到2030年将30至70岁之间的非传染性疾病减少三分之一。
对2000年、2015年和2019年全球非传染性疾病死亡概率与性别不平等指数（GII）之间的关联进行探索性生态研究。通过性别不平等对到2019年未达具体目标3.4的风险进行逻辑回归估计。
所有国家非传染性疾病的平均死亡概率逐渐下降。2000年/2015年/2019年中位数：女性为20.20/16.58/16；男性为26.59/22.45/21.88；总计为23.14/20.10/19.23。2019年未实现目标的风险在性别不平等指数较低的国家高于性别不平等指数较高的国家（比值比：2.13；95%置信区间：1.14 - 3.99；p = 0.018），女性的风险更高（比值比：2.64；95%置信区间：1.40 - 5.06；p = 0.003），高于男性（比值比：2.12；95%置信区间：1.44 - 3.98；p = 0.017）。
自2000年以来，世界各国男女因非传染性疾病死亡的风险均有所下降；但进展缓慢，因此国家性别不平等程度越高，未实现到2030年将非传染性疾病死亡率降低三分之一这一协议所需降幅的风险就越大；女性的这一风险高于男性。
