Liu Qi, Gao Jiajia, Li Guoliang, Zheng Yang, Li Rui, Yue Tao
School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Mar;31(13):19148-19165. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-32369-z. Epub 2024 Feb 21.
Coal-fired power plants (CFPPs) are one of the most significant sources of mercury (Hg) emissions certified by the Minamata Convention, which has attracted much attention in recent years. In this study, we used the Web of Science and CiteSpace to analyze the knowledge structure of this field from 2000 to 2022 and then reviewed it systematically. The field of Hg emissions from coal-fired power plants has developed steadily. The research hotspots can be divided into three categories: (1) emission characterization research focused on speciation changes and emission calculations; (2) emission control research focused on control technologies; (3) environmental impact research focused on environmental pollution and health risk. In conclusion, using an oxygen-rich atmosphere for combustion and installing high-efficiency air pollution control devices (APCDs) helped to reduce the formation of Hg. The average Hg removal rates of APCDs and modified adsorbents after ultra-low emission retrofit were distributed in the range of 82-93% and 41-100%, respectively. The risk level of Hg in combustion by-products was highest in desulfurization sludge (RAC > 10%) followed by fly ash (10% < RAC < 30%) and desulfurization gypsum (1% < RAC < 10%). Additionally, we found that the implementation of pollution and carbon reduction policies in China had reduced Hg emissions from CFPPs by 45% from 2007 to 2015, increased the efficiency of Hg removal from APCDs to a maximum of 96%, and reduced global transport and health risk of atmospheric Hg. The results conjunctively achieved by CiteSpace, and the literature review will enhance understanding of CFPP Hg emission research and provide new perspectives for future research.
燃煤发电厂（CFPPs）是《水俣公约》认证的汞（Hg）排放的最重要来源之一，近年来备受关注。在本研究中，我们使用科学网和CiteSpace分析了2000年至2022年该领域的知识结构，然后进行了系统回顾。燃煤发电厂汞排放领域稳步发展。研究热点可分为三类：（1）侧重于形态变化和排放计算的排放特征研究；（2）侧重于控制技术的排放控制研究；（3）侧重于环境污染和健康风险的环境影响研究。总之，采用富氧燃烧气氛并安装高效空气污染控制装置（APCDs）有助于减少汞的形成。超低排放改造后，APCDs和改性吸附剂的汞平均去除率分别分布在82-93%和41-100%的范围内。燃烧副产物中汞的风险水平在脱硫污泥中最高（RAC＞10%），其次是飞灰（10%＜RAC＜30%）和脱硫石膏（1%＜RAC＜10%）。此外，我们发现中国污染和碳减排政策的实施使CFPPs的汞排放在2007年至2015年间减少了45%，将APCDs的汞去除效率提高到最高96%，并降低了大气汞的全球传输和健康风险。CiteSpace和文献综述共同取得的结果将增进对CFPP汞排放研究的理解，并为未来研究提供新的视角。
