Gilad Ariel
Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Department of Medical Neurobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Neurophotonics. 2024 Jul;11(3):033404. doi: 10.1117/1.NPh.11.3.033404. Epub 2024 Feb 19.
Cognitive functions are mediated through coordinated and dynamic neuronal responses that involve many different areas across the brain. Therefore, it is of high interest to simultaneously record neuronal activity from as many brain areas as possible while the subject performs a cognitive behavioral task. One of the emerging tools to achieve a mesoscopic field of view is wide-field imaging of cortex-wide dynamics in mice. Wide-field imaging is cost-effective, user-friendly, and enables obtaining cortex-wide signals from mice performing complex and demanding cognitive tasks. Importantly, wide-field imaging offers an unbiased cortex-wide observation that sheds light on overlooked cortical regions and highlights parallel processing circuits. Recent wide-field imaging studies have shown that multi-area cortex-wide patterns, rather than just a single area, are involved in encoding cognitive functions. The optical properties of wide-field imaging enable imaging of different brain signals, such as layer-specific, inhibitory subtypes, or neuromodulation signals. Here, I review the main advantages of wide-field imaging in mice, review the recent literature, and discuss future directions of the field. It is expected that wide-field imaging in behaving mice will continue to gain popularity and aid in understanding the mesoscale dynamics underlying cognitive function.
认知功能是通过协调和动态的神经元反应来介导的，这些反应涉及大脑中许多不同的区域。因此，在受试者执行认知行为任务时，尽可能多地同时记录多个脑区的神经元活动，具有很高的研究价值。实现介观视野的一种新兴工具是对小鼠全皮层动力学进行宽场成像。宽场成像具有成本效益、用户友好，并且能够从小鼠执行复杂且要求较高的认知任务中获取全皮层信号。重要的是，宽场成像提供了一种无偏的全皮层观察，揭示了被忽视的皮层区域，并突出了并行处理电路。最近的宽场成像研究表明，参与编码认知功能的是多区域全皮层模式，而不仅仅是单个区域。宽场成像的光学特性能够对不同的脑信号进行成像，例如层特异性、抑制性亚型或神经调节信号。在此，我回顾了宽场成像在小鼠研究中的主要优势，回顾了近期文献，并讨论了该领域的未来方向。预计在行为小鼠中进行宽场成像将继续受到欢迎，并有助于理解认知功能背后的介观尺度动力学。
