Department of Companion and Laboratory Animal Science, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea.
Research Institute for Natural Products, Kongju National University, Yesan, Korea.
J Med Food. 2024 Apr;27(4):330-338. doi: 10.1089/jmf.2023.K.0267. Epub 2024 Feb 22.
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally and the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality. Existing treatment strategies for gastric cancer often present numerous side effects. Consequently, recent studies have shifted toward devising new treatments grounded in safer natural substances. -Pinene, a natural terpene found in the essential oils of various plants, such as and , displays antioxidant, antibiotic, and anticancer properties. Yet, its impact on gastric cancer remains unexplored. This research assessed the effects of -pinene using a human gastric adenocarcinoma cell-line (AGS) human gastric cancer cells and via a xenograft mouse model. The survival rate of AGS cells treated with -pinene was notably lower than that of the control group, as revealed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. This decline in cell viability was linked to apoptosis, as verified by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole and annexin V/propidium iodide staining. The -pinene-treated group exhibited elevated cleaved-poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X (Bax) levels and reduced Bcl-2 levels compared with the control levels. Moreover, -pinene triggered the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 within the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. In the xenograft mouse model, -pinene induced apoptosis through the MAPK pathway, devoid of toxicity. These findings position -pinene as a promising natural therapeutic for gastric cancer.
胃癌是全球第五大常见癌症，也是癌症相关死亡的第三大主要原因。现有的胃癌治疗策略常常存在许多副作用。因此，最近的研究转向设计基于更安全的天然物质的新治疗方法。-蒎烯是一种天然萜烯，存在于多种植物的精油中，如 和 ，具有抗氧化、抗生素和抗癌特性。然而，它对胃癌的影响尚未得到探索。本研究使用人胃腺癌细胞系（AGS）和异种移植小鼠模型评估了 -蒎烯对胃癌的影响。-蒎烯处理的 AGS 细胞的存活率明显低于对照组，这是通过 3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）测定法得出的。细胞活力的下降与凋亡有关，这是通过 4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚（DAPI）和膜联蛋白 V/碘化丙啶（Annexin V/PI）染色证实的。与对照组相比，-蒎烯处理组的裂解多聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶和 B 细胞淋巴瘤 2（Bcl-2）相关 X（Bax）水平升高，Bcl-2 水平降低。此外，-蒎烯触发了丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）通路中细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK）、c-Jun N-末端激酶（JNK）和 p38 的激活。在异种移植小鼠模型中，-蒎烯通过 MAPK 通路诱导凋亡，而无毒性。这些发现使 -蒎烯成为一种有前途的胃癌天然治疗药物。
