Laboratoire de Biotechnologie Microbienne et Molécules Bioactives, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques, Université Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah, Route Immouzer BP 2202, Fez, Morocco.
Unité de Phytopathologie, Département de Protection des Plantes, Ecole Nationale d'Agriculture, Km10, Rt Haj Kaddour, BP S/40, 50001, Meknes, Morocco.
Folia Microbiol (Praha). 2024 Jun;69(3):465-489. doi: 10.1007/s12223-024-01146-3. Epub 2024 Feb 23.
Since the late nineteenth century, the agricultural sector has experienced a tremendous increase in chemical use in response to the growing population. Consequently, the intensive and indiscriminate use of these substances caused serious damage on several levels, including threatening human health, disrupting soil microbiota, affecting wildlife ecosystems, and causing groundwater pollution. As a solution, the application of microbial-based products presents an interesting and ecological restoration tool. The use of Plant Growth-Promoting Microbes (PGPM) affected positive production, by increasing its efficiency, reducing production costs, environmental pollution, and chemical use. Among these microbial communities, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are considered an interesting candidate to be formulated and applied as effective microbes. Indeed, these bacteria are approved by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as Qualified Presumption of Safety statute and Generally Recognized as Safe for various applications. To do so, this review comes as a road map for future research, which addresses the different steps included in LAB formulation as biocontrol, bioremediation, or plant growth promoting agents from the isolation process to their field application passing by the different identification methods and their various uses. The plant application methods as well as challenges limiting their use in agriculture are also discussed.
自 19 世纪末以来，农业部门为了应对不断增长的人口，大量使用化学物质，因此这些物质的密集和无差别使用对多个层面造成了严重的破坏，包括威胁人类健康、破坏土壤微生物群落、影响野生动物生态系统和地下水污染。作为一种解决方案，应用基于微生物的产品提供了一种有趣且具有生态恢复作用的工具。植物促生微生物（PGPM）的应用通过提高效率、降低生产成本、减少环境污染和化学物质的使用，对生产产生了积极的影响。在这些微生物群落中，乳酸菌（LAB）被认为是一种很有前途的候选物，可以被制成有效的微生物并加以应用。事实上，这些细菌已被欧洲食品安全局（EFSA）和美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）批准为合格安全推定法规和一般公认安全（GRAS），可用于各种应用。为此，本文作为未来研究的路线图，概述了 LAB 从分离过程到田间应用的生物防治、生物修复或植物生长促进剂的不同制剂步骤，包括不同的鉴定方法及其各种用途。本文还讨论了植物应用方法以及限制其在农业中应用的挑战。
