德国全国戒烟热线短期戒烟效果的随机对照试验结果。

Short-term effectiveness of the national German quitline for smoking cessation: results of a randomized controlled trial.

机构信息

IFT Institut für Therapieforschung, Centre for Mental Health and Addiction Research, Munich, Germany.

Department of Public Health Science, Centre for Social Research On Alcohol and Drugs, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2024 Feb 23;24(1):588. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18104-w.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-024-18104-w

PMID:38395782

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10893695/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The objective of the present study was to examine the short-term effectiveness of the national German quitline for smoking cessation.

METHODS

A parallel-group, two-arm, superiority, randomized controlled trial with data collection at baseline and post-intervention (three months from baseline) was conducted. Individuals were randomized to either the intervention group, receiving up to six telephone counselling calls, or the control group, receiving an active control intervention (self-help brochure). The primary outcome was the seven-day point prevalence abstinence at post-assessment. Secondary outcomes included changes in smoking-related cognitions and coping strategies from pre- to post-assessment, the perceived effectiveness of intervention components, and the satisfaction with the intervention.

RESULTS

A total of n = 905 adult daily smokers were assigned to either the intervention group (n = 477) or the control group (n = 428). Intention-to-treat analyses demonstrated that individuals allocated to the telephone counselling condition were more likely to achieve seven-day point prevalence abstinence at post-assessment compared to those allocated to the self-help brochure condition (41.1% vs. 23.1%; OR = 2.3, 95% CI [1.7, 3.1]). Participants who received the allocated intervention in both study groups displayed significant improvements in smoking-related cognitions and coping strategies with the intervention group showing greater enhancements than the control group. This pattern was also found regarding the perceived effectiveness of intervention components and the satisfaction with the intervention.

CONCLUSION

The present study provides first empirical evidence on the short-term effectiveness of the national German quitline for smoking cessation, highlighting its potential as an effective public health intervention to reduce the burden of disease associated with smoking.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

This study is registered in the German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS00025343). Date of registration: 2021/06/07.

摘要

背景

本研究旨在检验德国全国戒烟热线在短期内戒烟的效果。

方法

采用平行组、双臂、优效性、随机对照试验，在基线和干预后（自基线起三个月）进行数据收集。将参与者随机分配至干预组（接受最多 6 次电话咨询）或对照组（接受主动控制干预，即自我帮助手册）。主要结局是干预后评估时的 7 天点患病率戒烟率。次要结局包括干预前后吸烟相关认知和应对策略的变化、干预成分的感知效果以及对干预的满意度。

结果

共有 905 名成年每日吸烟者被分配至干预组（n=477）或对照组（n=428）。意向治疗分析表明，与分配至自我帮助手册组相比，分配至电话咨询组的个体在干预后评估时更有可能实现 7 天点患病率戒烟（41.1% vs. 23.1%；OR=2.3，95%CI [1.7, 3.1]）。在两个研究组中接受分配干预的参与者在吸烟相关认知和应对策略方面均显示出显著改善，干预组的改善程度大于对照组。在干预成分的感知效果和对干预的满意度方面也存在类似的模式。