Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Molecular Medicine, Washington State University-Health Sciences, Spokane, WA 99201, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Feb 13;25(4):2231. doi: 10.3390/ijms25042231.
Following ischemia/reperfusion, AMPA receptors (AMPARs) mediate pathologic delayed neuronal death through sustained expression of calcium-permeable AMPARs, leading to excitotoxicity. Preventing the surface removal of GluA2-containing AMPARs may yield new therapeutic targets for the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion. This study utilized acute organotypic hippocampal slices from aged male and female Sprague Dawley rats and subjected them to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) to examine the mechanisms underlying the internalization and degradation of GluA2-containing AMPARs. We determined the effect of OGD/R on AMPAR subunits at the protein and mRNA transcript levels utilizing Western blot and RT-qPCR, respectively. Hippocampal slices from male and female rats responded to OGD/R in a paradoxical manner with respect to AMPARs. GluA1 and GluA2 AMPAR subunits were degraded following OGD/R in male rats but were increased in female rats. There was a rapid decrease in GRIA1 (GluA1) and GRIA2 (GluA2) mRNA levels in the male hippocampus following ischemic insult, but this was not observed in females. These data indicate a sex-dependent difference in how AMPARs in the hippocampus respond to ischemic insult, and may help explain, in part, why premenopausal women have a lower incidence/severity of ischemic stroke compared with men of the same age.
缺血/再灌注后,AMPA 受体(AMPARs)通过持续表达钙通透性 AMPARs 介导病理性延迟性神经元死亡,导致兴奋性毒性。防止 GluA2 包含的 AMPAR 表面去除可能为缺血/再灌注的治疗提供新的治疗靶点。本研究利用雄性和雌性 Sprague Dawley 大鼠的急性器官型海马切片,并对其进行氧葡萄糖剥夺/再灌注(OGD/R),以研究 GluA2 包含的 AMPAR 内化和降解的机制。我们分别利用 Western blot 和 RT-qPCR 确定了 OGD/R 对 AMPAR 亚基在蛋白质和 mRNA 转录水平的影响。雄性和雌性大鼠的海马切片对 OGD/R 的反应表现出一种反常的方式,涉及 AMPARs。在雄性大鼠中,OGD/R 后 GluA1 和 GluA2 AMPAR 亚基被降解,但在雌性大鼠中则增加。缺血性损伤后,雄性海马中的 GRIA1(GluA1)和 GRIA2(GluA2)mRNA 水平迅速下降,但在雌性中未观察到。这些数据表明,海马中的 AMPARs 对缺血性损伤的反应存在性别依赖性差异,这可能部分解释了为什么绝经前女性的缺血性中风发病率/严重程度低于同龄男性。
Int J Mol Sci. 2024-2-13
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