Laguarta-Val Sofía, Varillas-Delgado David, Lizcano-Álvarez Ángel, Molero-Sánchez Alberto, Melian-Ortiz Alberto, Cano-de-la-Cuerda Roberto, Jiménez-Antona Carmen
Department of Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Rehabilitation and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcon, 28922 Madrid, Spain.
Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo, Spain.
J Clin Med. 2024 Feb 11;13(4):1035. doi: 10.3390/jcm13041035.
Long-COVID syndrome comprises a variety of signs and symptoms that develop during or after infection with COVID-19 which may affect the physical capabilities. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the effects of Long-COVID syndrome in sport capabilities after suffering from COVID-19 infection. The purpose of the study was to evaluate and compare lactate concentration and quality of life (QoL) in patients with Long-COVID with those who have not developed non-Long-COVID during Nordic walking exercise therapy.
Twenty-nine patients (25.5 ± 7.1 years) took part in a non-randomized controlled trial, divided into two groups: a Long-COVID group ( = 16) and a non-Long-COVID control ( = 13). Patients were confirmed as having Long-COVID syndrome if they experienced fatigue or tiredness when performing daily activities and worsening of symptoms after vigorous physical or mental activity. All participants underwent a 12-week Nordic Walking program. Lactate concentration after exercise and distance covered during all sessions were measured. Pre- and Long-Nordic Walking program, the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36), and EURO QoL-5D (EQ-ED) were administered to assess fatigue and quality of life, respectively.
There was a lactate concentration effect between groups (F = 5.604; = 0.024). However, there was no significant effect as a result of the session (F = 3.521; = 0.121) with no interaction of group × session (F = 1.345; = 0.414). The group main effect (F = 23.088; < 0.001), time effect (F = 6.625; = 0.026), and group × time (F = 4.632; = 0.002) interaction on the SF-36 scale were noted. Also, there were a significant group main effect (F = 38.372; < 0.001), time effect (F = 12.424; = 0.005), and group × time interaction (F = 4.340; = 0.014) on EQ-5D. However, there was only a significant group main effect (F = 26.235; < 0.001) with no effect on time (F = 2.265; = 0.160) and group × time (F = 1.584; = 0.234) interaction on the MFIS scale.
The Long-COVID group showed higher lactate concentration compared with the control group during the 12 weeks of the Nordic Walking program. The Long-COVID group presented a decrease in fatigue with respect to the control group according to the MFIS scale, as well as improvement in quality of life after aerobic exercise therapy.
新冠后综合征包括在感染新冠病毒期间或之后出现的各种体征和症状，可能会影响身体机能。然而，缺乏关于新冠后综合征对新冠病毒感染后运动能力影响的研究。本研究的目的是评估和比较新冠后综合征患者与未患新冠后综合征患者在北欧健走运动疗法中的乳酸浓度和生活质量（QoL）。
29名患者（25.5±7.1岁）参与了一项非随机对照试验，分为两组：新冠后综合征组（n = 16）和非新冠后综合征对照组（n = 13）。如果患者在进行日常活动时感到疲劳或疲倦，并且在剧烈的体力或脑力活动后症状加重，则被确诊为患有新冠后综合征。所有参与者都接受了为期12周的北欧健走计划。测量运动后的乳酸浓度和所有疗程中行走的距离。在北欧健走计划前和计划后，分别使用改良疲劳影响量表（MFIS）、简短健康调查问卷（SF - 36）和欧洲五维度健康量表（EQ - 5D）来评估疲劳和生活质量。
两组之间存在乳酸浓度效应（F = 5.604；p = 0.024）。然而，疗程没有显著影响（F = 3.521；p = 0.121），且组×疗程没有交互作用（F = 1.345；p = 0.414）。注意到在SF - 36量表上存在组主效应（F = 23.088；p < 0.001）、时间效应（F = 6.625；p = 0.026）以及组×时间交互作用（F = 4.632；p = 0.002）。此外，在EQ - 5D上存在显著的组主效应（F = 38.372；p < 0.001）、时间效应（F = 12.424；p = 0.005）以及组×时间交互作用（F = 4.34；p = 0.014）。然而，在MFIS量表上仅存在显著的组主效应（F = 26.235；p < 0.001），时间没有影响（F = 2.265；p = 0.160），组×时间也没有交互作用（F = 1.584；p = 0.234）。
在为期12周的北欧健走计划中，新冠后综合征组的乳酸浓度高于对照组。根据MFIS量表，新冠后综合征组相对于对照组疲劳有所减轻，有氧运动疗法后生活质量也有所改善。
