Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, USA.
Viruses. 2024 Feb 11;16(2):279. doi: 10.3390/v16020279.
Orthohantaviruses may cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome or hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome. Andes virus (ANDV) is the only orthohantavirus associated with human-human transmission. Therefore, emergency vaccination would be a valuable public health measure to combat ANDV-derived infection clusters. Here, we utilized a promising vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccine to advance the approach for emergency applications. We compared monovalent and bivalent VSV vectors containing the Ebola virus (EBOV), glycoprotein (GP), and ANDV glycoprotein precursor (GPC) for protective efficacy in pre-, peri- and post-exposure immunization by the intraperitoneal and intranasal routes. Inclusion of the EBOV GP was based on its favorable immune cell targeting and the strong innate responses elicited by the VSV-EBOV vaccine. Our data indicates no difference of ANDV GPC expressing VSV vectors in pre-exposure immunization independent of route, but a potential benefit of the bivalent VSVs following peri- and post-exposure intraperitoneal vaccination.
正汉坦病毒可引起肾综合征出血热或汉坦病毒心肺综合征。安第斯病毒（ANDV）是唯一与人际传播相关的正汉坦病毒。因此，紧急接种疫苗将是对抗 ANDV 衍生感染群的宝贵公共卫生措施。在这里，我们利用有前途的水疱性口炎病毒（VSV）为基础的疫苗来推进紧急应用的方法。我们比较了单价和双价 VSV 载体，其中包含埃博拉病毒（EBOV）、糖蛋白（GP）和 ANDV 糖蛋白前体（GPC），通过腹腔内和鼻内途径进行暴露前、暴露中和暴露后免疫的保护效力。包含 EBOV GP 是基于其对免疫细胞的良好靶向性和 VSV-EBOV 疫苗引起的强烈先天反应。我们的数据表明，无论途径如何，暴露前免疫中表达 ANDV GPC 的 VSV 载体没有差异，但双价 VSV 在暴露后腹腔内接种后具有潜在的益处。
