Georgopoulos Apostolos P, James Lisa M
The Gulf War Illness Working Group, Brain Sciences Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA.
Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Feb 3;12(2):159. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12020159.
Vaccination against is the best preventive measure against the development of deadly anthrax disease in the event of exposure to anthrax either as a bioweapon or in its naturally occurring form. Anthrax vaccines, however, have historically been plagued with controversy, particularly related to their safety. Fortunately, recent improvements in anthrax vaccines have been shown to confer protection with reduced short-term safety concerns, although questions about long-term safety remain. Here, we (a) review recent and ongoing advances in anthrax vaccine development, (b) emphasize the need for thorough characterization of current (and future) vaccines, (c) bring to focus the importance of host immunogenetics as the ultimate determinant of successful antibody production and protection, and (d) discuss the need for the systematic, active, and targeted monitoring of vaccine recipients for possible Chronic Multisymptom Illness (CMI).
针对炭疽进行疫苗接种是在接触作为生物武器或自然发生形式的炭疽时预防致命炭疽病发展的最佳预防措施。然而，炭疽疫苗在历史上一直存在争议，特别是在其安全性方面。幸运的是，尽管关于长期安全性的问题仍然存在，但最近炭疽疫苗的改进已显示出在降低短期安全问题的情况下仍能提供保护。在此，我们（a）回顾炭疽疫苗研发的近期和正在取得的进展，（b）强调对当前（和未来）疫苗进行全面表征的必要性，（c）关注宿主免疫遗传学作为成功产生抗体和提供保护的最终决定因素的重要性，以及（d）讨论对疫苗接种者进行系统、主动和针对性监测以发现可能的慢性多症状疾病（CMI）的必要性。
