Spatiotemporal patterns of net regional productivity and its causes throughout Ordos, China.

A comprehensive understanding of the terrestrial carbon sink is essential for proficient regional carbon management. However, previous studies predominantly relied on net ecosystem productivity (NEP) as an indicator of regional carbon sink, overlooking the impacts of carbon emissions from physical processes and carbon leakage associated with anthropogenic activities. In this study, net region productivity (NRP), a vital metric representing carbon sink dynamics in regional multi-landscape ecosystems, was employed to systematically analyze the patterns, trends, and causes of carbon sink in Ordos. The results revealed that spatially averaged NRP in Ordos was 70.334 g·m·a, indicating a carbon sink effect. The coefficient of variation of NRP was 68.035%, with a higher NRP in the southern region. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) predominantly controlled the spatial heterogeneity of NRP in Ordos, while precipitation emerged as the primary climatic factor influencing spatial differences in NRP. Regional variations in the impact of environmental factors on NRP were evident. In most areas, NRP showed a notable increasing trend influenced by various factors. Specifically, the simultaneous rise in NDVI and improvements in hydrothermal conditions contributed to the gradual elevation of NRP, each with varying degrees of influence across Ordos and its sub-regions.