The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Box 5626, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Department of Physical Activity and Health, Box 5626, 114 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
Prev Med. 2024 Apr;181:107916. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107916. Epub 2024 Feb 23.
Specific information for whom and when cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with depression risk is lacking. We aimed to study the association between adulthood CRF and incident depression, long-term sickness absence, and disability pension due to depression, as well as examine moderation of sex, age, education, and occupation on associations.
A large prospective cohort study follows participants over time with Swedish occupational health screenings data. The study includes 330,247 individuals (aged 16-79 years, 46% women) without a depression diagnosis at baseline. CRF was estimated from a submaximal cycle test.
CRF was associated beneficially from low to higher levels with incident depression and long-term sickness absence due to depression. Further, CRF at high levels (≥46 ml/min/kg) was associated with a decreased risk of receiving disability pension due to depression. The associations remained after adjustment for age and sex, but not lifestyle-related factors and co-morbidity. Participants with moderate and high CRF had 16% and 21%, respectively, lower risk for incident depression, and participants with high CRF had 11% lower risk for long-term sickness absence due to depression. Associations between higher CRF and the outcomes were mainly evident in men, younger participants, and individuals with low education.
In a large sample of adults without a depression diagnosis at baseline, higher CRF was shown to be beneficially related to the risk of incident depression and, to some extent, long-term sickness absence due to depression. If causal, targeted interventions focusing on increasing CRF in these sub-groups should be prioritized.
缺乏关于心肺适能（CRF）与抑郁风险相关的具体信息，针对哪些人群以及在何时相关。我们旨在研究成年期 CRF 与抑郁发病、长期病假和因抑郁而提前退休之间的关系，并检验性别、年龄、教育程度和职业对这些关联的调节作用。
一项大型前瞻性队列研究，通过瑞典职业健康筛查数据对参与者进行长期随访。该研究纳入了 330247 名参与者（年龄 16-79 岁，46%为女性），基线时无抑郁诊断。CRF 是根据亚最大循环测试来估计的。
CRF 与抑郁发病和因抑郁而长期病假呈有益相关，且与水平相关，从低到高。此外，高水平的 CRF（≥46ml/min/kg）与因抑郁而提前退休的风险降低相关。调整年龄和性别后，这些关联仍然存在，但与生活方式相关的因素和合并症无关。具有中等和高水平 CRF 的参与者发生抑郁的风险分别降低了 16%和 21%，而具有高水平 CRF 的参与者因抑郁而长期病假的风险降低了 11%。较高 CRF 与这些结果之间的关联主要在男性、年轻参与者和教育程度较低的个体中明显。
在一个基线时无抑郁诊断的大型成年人样本中，较高的 CRF 与抑郁发病风险呈有益相关，在一定程度上与因抑郁导致的长期病假风险相关。如果是因果关系，应优先针对这些亚组人群实施以提高 CRF 为目标的干预措施。
