GI/Liver Unit, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, Porto Alegre, 90035-903, Brazil.
CNPq researcher, Brasília, Brazil.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2024 May;78(5):442-448. doi: 10.1038/s41430-024-01416-w. Epub 2024 Feb 26.
BACKGROUND & AIM: Patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing 3 gene (PNPLA3) polymorphism has been implicated in susceptibility to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), with evidence for potential interaction with nutrition. However, the combination of meat consumption with genetic polymorphism has not been tested. Therefore, this study aims to test the association between the joint presence of PNPLA3 rs738409 G-allele with high meat consumption and NAFLD in populations with diverse meat consumption.
A cross-sectional study among Israeli screening and Brazilian primary healthcare populations. Food consumption was assessed by a food-frequency questionnaire. PNPLA3 polymorphism was defined as homozygous (GG) or heterozygous (GC). Inconclusive/probable NAFLD was defined as a fatty liver index (FLI) ≥ 30 and probable NAFLD as FLI ≥ 60.
The sample included 511 subjects from the screening and primary healthcare populations (n = 213 and n = 298, respectively). Genetic polymorphism (homozygous GG or heterozygous GC) combined with high consumption of total meat, red and/or processed meat, unprocessed red meat, and processed meat was associated with the highest odds for inconclusive/probable NAFLD (OR = 2.75, 95%CI 1.27-5.97, p = 0.011; OR = 3.24, 1.43-7.34, p = 0.005; OR = 2.92, 1.32-6.47, p = 0.008; OR = 3.16, 1.46-6.83, p = 0.003, respectively), adjusting for age, gender, BMI, alcohol consumption, carbohydrate, and saturated fat intake. In addition, genetic polymorphism combined with high processed meat consumption was associated with the highest odds for probable NAFLD (OR = 2.40, 95%CI 1.04-5.56, p = 0.040).
High red meat intake may confer a greater risk for NAFLD among PNPLA3 polymorphism carriers. Prospective studies are needed to confirm these findings and consider minimizing red and processed meat consumption among PNPLA3 polymorphism carriers.
载脂蛋白样磷脂酶域包含 3 号基因（PNPLA3）多态性与非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）易感性相关，有证据表明其与营养之间存在潜在的相互作用。然而，肉类消费与遗传多态性的联合作用尚未得到验证。因此，本研究旨在检测在不同肉类消费人群中，PNPLA3 rs738409 G 等位基因与高肉类消费共同存在与 NAFLD 之间的关联。
这是一项在以色列筛查人群和巴西初级保健人群中进行的横断面研究。通过食物频率问卷评估食物消费。PNPLA3 多态性定义为纯合子（GG）或杂合子（GC）。不确定/可能的非酒精性脂肪肝定义为脂肪肝指数（FLI）≥30，可能的非酒精性脂肪肝定义为 FLI≥60。
该样本包括来自筛查和初级保健人群的 511 名受试者（分别为 n=213 和 n=298）。遗传多态性（纯合子 GG 或杂合子 GC）与高总肉类、红肉类和/或加工肉类、未经加工的红肉类和加工肉类的消费相结合，与不确定/可能的非酒精性脂肪肝的最高比值比（OR）相关联，分别为 2.75（95%CI 1.27-5.97，p=0.011）、3.24（1.43-7.34，p=0.005）、2.92（1.32-6.47，p=0.008）和 3.16（1.46-6.83，p=0.003），调整了年龄、性别、BMI、酒精摄入、碳水化合物和饱和脂肪摄入。此外，遗传多态性与高加工肉类消费相结合，与可能的非酒精性脂肪肝的最高比值比相关联（OR=2.40，95%CI 1.04-5.56，p=0.040）。
高红肉类摄入可能会增加 PNPLA3 多态性携带者发生非酒精性脂肪肝的风险。需要进行前瞻性研究来证实这些发现，并考虑在 PNPLA3 多态性携带者中减少红肉类和加工肉类的摄入。
