Raucci Ada, Miglione Antonella, Cimmino Wanda, Cioffi Alessia, Singh Sima, Spinelli Michele, Amoresano Angela, Musile Giacomo, Cinti Stefano
Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy.
Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy.
ACS Meas Sci Au. 2023 Dec 12;4(1):136-143. doi: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.3c00050. eCollection 2024 Feb 21.
Nitrite is a compound used as a food additive for its preservative action and coloring capability, as well as an industrial agent for its antifreezing action and for preventing corrosion, and it is also used as a pharmaceutical in cyanide detoxification therapy. However, even recently, because of its high toxicity, it has been used as a murder and suicidal agent due to its affordability and ready availability. In this technical report, we describe an electrochemical paper-based device for selectively determining nitrite in complex biofluids, such as blood, cadaveric blood, vitreous humor, serum, plasma, and urine. The approach was validated in terms of the linearity of response, selectivity, and sensitivity, and the accuracy of the determination was verified by comparing the results with a chromatographic instrumental method. A linear response was observed in the micromolar range; the sensitivity of the method expressed as the limit of detection was 0.4 μM in buffer measurements. The simplicity of use, the portability of the device, and the performance shown make the approach suitable for detecting nitrite in complex biofluids, including contexts of forensic interest, such as murders or suicides in which nitrite is used as a toxic agent. Limits of detection of ca. 1, 2, 4, 5, 3, and 4 μM were obtained in vitreous humor, urine, serum and plasma, blood, and cadaveric blood, also highlighting a satisfactory accuracy comprised between 91 and 112%.
亚硝酸盐是一种化合物，因其具有防腐作用和染色能力而被用作食品添加剂，又因其具有防冻作用和防腐蚀作用而被用作工业试剂，它还被用作氰化物解毒疗法中的一种药物。然而，即使在最近，由于其高毒性，它因其价格低廉且易于获取而被用作谋杀和自杀的工具。在本技术报告中，我们描述了一种基于电化学纸的装置，用于选择性测定复杂生物流体中的亚硝酸盐，这些生物流体包括血液、尸体血液、玻璃体液、血清、血浆和尿液。该方法在响应线性、选择性和灵敏度方面得到了验证，并且通过将结果与色谱仪器方法进行比较来验证测定的准确性。在微摩尔范围内观察到线性响应；在缓冲液测量中，该方法的灵敏度以检测限表示为0.4μM。使用的简便性、装置的便携性以及所展示的性能使得该方法适用于检测复杂生物流体中的亚硝酸盐，包括法医相关的情况，例如在谋杀或自杀中，亚硝酸盐被用作有毒剂。在玻璃体液、尿液、血清和血浆、血液以及尸体血液中分别获得了约1、2、4、5、3和4μM的检测限，同时也突出了91%至112%之间令人满意的准确度。
