Bosbach Katharina, Martin Alexandra, Stricker Johannes, Schoenenberg Katrin
University of Wuppertal, School of Human and Social Sciences, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Wuppertal, Germany.
Behav Cogn Psychother. 2024 May;52(3):226-242. doi: 10.1017/S1352465824000110. Epub 2024 Feb 26.
Low self-esteem is an important factor associated with body dysmorphic concerns. In treatment, self-esteem cannot always be adequately addressed. Internet-based interventions offer a low-threshold and cost-efficient possibility for treating body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).
For this reason, we conducted two studies to explore the effectiveness of an internet-based intervention targeting improving self-esteem in adults with BDD symptoms.
The first study investigated the differential effects of a 1-week self-esteem training compared with a 1-week attention-focus training. Two hundred twenty adults with elevated body dysmorphic symptoms were randomly assigned to one of the two trainings. Our second study ( = 58 adults with body dysmorphic symptoms) evaluated an extended 2-week stand-alone self-esteem training.
In the first study, self-esteem in different domains (appearance, performance and social), self-focused attention, and BDD symptom severity improved in both groups. Other-focused attention only increased in the attention training group. Participants' overall adherence was high. In the second study we observed significant improvements in self-esteem, BDD symptom severity, and other secondary outcomes, with additional improvements in most outcomes in the second week. Adherence was again high.
Together, these findings show that a brief internet-based intervention may be a highly accepted and effective way of improving self-esteem in people suffering from BDD symptoms.
低自尊是与身体变形担忧相关的一个重要因素。在治疗中，自尊并非总能得到充分解决。基于互联网的干预为治疗身体变形障碍（BDD）提供了一种低门槛且成本效益高的可能性。
因此，我们进行了两项研究，以探讨针对改善有BDD症状成年人自尊的基于互联网的干预的有效性。
第一项研究调查了为期1周的自尊训练与为期1周的注意力聚焦训练的不同效果。220名身体变形症状加重的成年人被随机分配到两种训练中的一种。我们的第二项研究（58名有身体变形症状的成年人）评估了为期2周的独立自尊扩展训练。
在第一项研究中，两组在不同领域（外貌、表现和社交）的自尊、自我聚焦注意力和BDD症状严重程度均有所改善。他人聚焦注意力仅在注意力训练组中增加。参与者的总体依从性较高。在第二项研究中，我们观察到自尊、BDD症状严重程度和其他次要结果有显著改善，且在第二周大多数结果有进一步改善。依从性同样较高。
总之，这些发现表明，简短的基于互联网的干预可能是改善有BDD症状人群自尊的一种高度可接受且有效的方法。
