Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400037, China.
School of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, 400038, China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2024 Jul;13(17):e2303543. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202303543. Epub 2024 Mar 8.
Tumor metastasis is the primary cause of cancer-related deaths. The prevention of tumor metastasis has garnered notable interest and interrupting metastatic biological processes is considered a potential strategy for preventing tumor metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME), circulating tumor cells (CTCs), and premetastatic niche (PMN) play crucial roles in metastatic biological processes. These processes can be interrupted using nanomaterials due to their excellent physicochemical properties. However, most studies have focused on only one aspect of tumor metastasis. Here, the hypothesis that nanomaterials can be used to target metastatic biological processes and explore strategies to prevent tumor metastasis is highlighted. First, the metastatic biological processes and strategies involving nanomaterials acting on the TME, CTCs, and PMN to prevent tumor metastasis are briefly summarized. Further, the current challenges and prospects of nanomaterials in preventing tumor metastasis by interrupting metastatic biological processes are discussed. Nanomaterial-and multifunctional nanomaterial-based strategies for preventing tumor metastasis are advantageous for the long-term fight against tumor metastasis and their continued exploration will facilitate rapid progress in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of tumor metastasis. Novel perspectives are outlined for developing more effective strategies to prevent tumor metastasis, thereby improving the outcomes of patients with cancer.
肿瘤转移是癌症相关死亡的主要原因。预防肿瘤转移引起了广泛关注，而中断转移的生物学过程被认为是预防肿瘤转移的一种潜在策略。肿瘤微环境（TME）、循环肿瘤细胞（CTC）和转移前生态位（PMN）在转移的生物学过程中起着至关重要的作用。由于纳米材料具有优异的物理化学性质，因此可以利用它们来中断这些过程。然而，大多数研究都只关注肿瘤转移的一个方面。本文提出了一个假设，即纳米材料可用于针对转移的生物学过程，并探讨了预防肿瘤转移的策略。首先，简要总结了纳米材料作用于 TME、CTC 和 PMN 以预防肿瘤转移的转移生物学过程和策略。此外，还讨论了纳米材料在通过中断转移的生物学过程来预防肿瘤转移方面的当前挑战和前景。基于纳米材料和多功能纳米材料的策略有利于长期防治肿瘤转移，对其的进一步探索将促进肿瘤转移的预防、诊断和治疗的快速发展。为开发更有效的预防肿瘤转移的策略提供了新的视角，从而改善癌症患者的预后。
