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非宿主半化学物质(E)-2-辛烯对野外条件下的美洲钝缘蜱和钝缘革蜱的驱避活性。

Repellent activity of the non-host semiochemical (E)-2-octenal against Amblyomma sculptum and Amblyomma dubitatum ticks under field conditions.

机构信息

Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Avenida Esperança S/N, Campus Samambaia, Goiânia, GO, 74690-900, Brazil.

R&D Chemistry Laboratory, Biobab S.L., 28925, Madrid, Spain.

出版信息

Exp Appl Acarol. 2024 Apr;92(3):423-437. doi: 10.1007/s10493-023-00880-6. Epub 2024 Feb 27.

Abstract

Amblyomma ticks pose a significant public health threat due to their potential to transmit pathogens associated with rickettsial diseases. (E)-2-octenal, a compound found in donkeys (Equus asinus), exhibits strong repellent properties against Amblyomma sculptum nymphs under laboratory conditions. This study assessed the effectiveness of the (E)-2-octenal in wearable slow-release devices for personal human protection against Amblyomma ticks under natural conditions. Slow-release devices treated with (E)-2-octenal and untreated controls were prepared and tested on two volunteers walking through a tick-infested area in Goiania, Brazil. The experiment was conducted twice daily for three series of 10 days, with each volunteer wearing two devices attached to each leg, one on the ankle and one just above the thigh. Volunteers with control and treated devices exchanged them between rounds. Also, the daily release rate of (E)-2-octenal from the slow-release devices was determined in the laboratory, increasing significantly from 0.77 ± 0.14 µg/day on the first day to 9.93 ± 1.92 µg/day on the 4th day and remaining constant until the 16th day. A total of 5409 ticks were collected from both volunteers. Treated devices resulted in recovering fewer ticks (n = 1,666; 31%) compared to untreated devices (control: n = 3,743; 69%). (E)-2-octenal effectively repelled Amblyomma spp. larvae, A. sculptum adults, and exhibited pronounced repellency against A. dubitatum nymphs and adults. These findings suggest the potential of (E)-2-octenal delivered by wearable slow-release devices as a green-based repellent. Further improvements, however, are necessary to provide better protection for humans against A. sculptum and A. dubitatum in field conditions.

摘要

钝缘蜱因其传播与立克次体病相关病原体的潜力而对公共卫生构成重大威胁。(E)-2-辛烯是驴(Equus asinus)中发现的一种化合物,在实验室条件下对硬蜱若虫表现出强烈的驱避特性。本研究评估了(E)-2-辛烯在可穿戴式缓慢释放装置中的有效性,以在自然条件下对人类进行个人防护,防止被钝缘蜱叮咬。用(E)-2-辛烯处理和未处理的对照缓慢释放装置进行了制备和测试,两个志愿者在巴西戈亚尼亚的一个蜱虫滋生地区行走时使用。该实验每天进行两次,共进行了三个系列 10 天的实验,每个志愿者在两条腿上各佩戴两个装置,一个在脚踝上,一个在大腿上方。志愿者在每轮实验中交换使用对照和处理装置。此外,在实验室中还确定了(E)-2-辛烯从缓慢释放装置中的每日释放率,从第 1 天的 0.77±0.14µg/天增加到第 4 天的 9.93±1.92µg/天,然后保持恒定直到第 16 天。从两位志愿者身上共采集了 5409 只蜱虫。与未处理的装置(对照:n=3743;69%)相比,处理装置收集到的蜱虫数量更少(n=1666;31%)。(E)-2-辛烯有效地驱避了钝缘蜱属幼虫、硬蜱成虫,并对 A. dubitatum 若虫和成虫表现出明显的驱避作用。这些发现表明,可穿戴式缓慢释放装置中释放的(E)-2-辛烯作为一种基于绿色的驱避剂具有潜力。然而,需要进一步改进,以在野外条件下为人类提供更好的 A. sculptum 和 A. dubitatum 防护。

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