Department of Applied Information Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Suwa University of Science, Chino, Nagano, Japan.
Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan.
PLoS One. 2024 Feb 27;19(2):e0299307. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299307. eCollection 2024.
The number of elements distributed in a three-dimensional stimulus is overestimated compared to a two-dimensional stimulus when both stimuli have the same number of elements. We examined the effect of the properties of a three-dimensional stimulus (the number of overlapping stereo surfaces, size of the elements, and size of the area containing elements, on the overestimation phenomenon in four experiments. The two stimuli were presented side-by-side with the same diameters. Observers judged which of the three-dimensional standard and two-dimensional comparison had more elements. The results showed that (a) the overestimation phenomenon occurred for the three-dimensional standard stimuli, (b) the size of the areas affected the amount of overestimation, while the number of overlapping stereo surfaces and size of elements did not, and (c) the amount of overestimation increased when the stimuli included more than 100 elements. Implications of these findings were discussed in the framework of back-surface bias, occlusion, and disparity-processing interference models.
当两种刺激具有相同数量的元素时，三维刺激中分布的元素数量会被高估，而二维刺激则不会。我们在四个实验中研究了三维刺激的属性（重叠的立体表面的数量、元素的大小和包含元素的区域的大小）对高估现象的影响。两个刺激以相同的直径并排呈现。观察者判断三维标准刺激和二维比较刺激哪个有更多的元素。结果表明：（a）三维标准刺激会出现高估现象；（b）区域大小会影响高估程度，而重叠的立体表面数量和元素大小则不会；（c）当刺激包含超过 100 个元素时，高估程度会增加。这些发现的意义在背景表面偏向、遮挡和视差处理干扰模型的框架内进行了讨论。
