Gong X, Wu X, Huo F, Yu T, Ge L, Liu Y, Li L
Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2024 Jan 25;35(6):565-572. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2023139.
To investigate the distribution of malaria vector in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021, so as to provide the scientific evidence for improving the surveillance of malaria vector and preventing re-establishment of imported malaria in Sichuan Province.
The density and species of mosquitoes were investigated using human-bait trapping and light trapping techniques in malaria vector surveillance sites of Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021. The number, population and density of captured mosquitoes were collected and descriptively analyzed, and the geographical distribution map of malaria vectors was plotted using the software ArcGIS 10.7 in Sichuan Province.
A total of 152 243 mosquitoes were captured in malaria vector surveillance sites of Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021, including 150 987 (99.18%) and 1 256 (0.82%), and no other species were captured. The annual densities of and were 0.64 to 1.27 mosquitoes/(person-hour) and 0 to 0.07 mosquitoes/(person-hour) by the human-bait trapping technique, and 6.46 to 26.50 mosquitoes/(light-night) and 0 to 0.82 mosquitoes/(light-night) by the light trapping technique in malaria vector surveillance sites of Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021. A relatively higher density of was seen in Renshou County, Jianyang City, Weiyuan County and Mabian Yi Autonomous County [> 0.40 mosquitoes/(person-hour)] by the human-bait trapping technique, and in Cuiping District and Gaoxian County in Yibin City [> 1.00 mosquito/(light-night)] by the light trapping technique in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2018, with no captured from 2019 to 2021, and a relatively higher density of was detected in Emeishan City, Lushan County, Luojiang District, Tongchuan District and Zhaohua District [> 4.00 mosquitoes/(person-hour)] by the human-bait trapping technique, and in Huili County, Yuexi County, Dechang County, Langzhong City, Pingchang County and Xuanhan County [> 40.00 mosquitoes/(light-night)] by the light trapping technique in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021.
Malaria vectors were still widespread in Sichuan Province from 2011 to 2021, and was the dominant species of malaria vectors. There is still a risk of local re-establishment of imported malaria in Sichuan Province, and it is needed to continue to improve the surveillance of imported malaria cases and malaria vectors.
调查2011年至2021年四川省疟疾媒介的分布情况，为加强四川省疟疾媒介监测及防止输入性疟疾再次传播提供科学依据。
2011年至2021年，采用人饵诱捕法和灯诱法在四川省疟疾媒介监测点调查蚊虫密度及种类。收集捕获蚊虫的数量、种群及密度并进行描述性分析，利用ArcGIS 10.7软件绘制四川省疟疾媒介地理分布图。
2011年至2021年四川省疟疾媒介监测点共捕获蚊虫152 243只，其中中华按蚊150 987只（99.18%），微小按蚊1 256只（0.82%），未捕获到其他按蚊种类。2011年至2021年，在四川省疟疾媒介监测点，人饵诱捕法测得中华按蚊年密度为0.64至1.27只/（人·小时），微小按蚊年密度为0至0.07只/（人·小时）；灯诱法测得中华按蚊年密度为6.46至26.50只/（灯·夜），微小按蚊年密度为0至0.82只/（灯·夜）。2011年至2018年，人饵诱捕法显示仁寿县、简阳市、威远县和马边彝族自治县中华按蚊密度相对较高[>0.40只/（人·小时）]，灯诱法显示宜宾市翠屏区和高县中华按蚊密度相对较高[>1.00只/（灯·夜）]；2019年至2021年未捕获到中华按蚊。2011年至2021年，人饵诱捕法显示峨眉山市、芦山县、罗江区、通川区和昭化区微小按蚊密度相对较高[>4.00只/（人·小时）]，灯诱法显示会理县、越西县、德昌县、阆中市、平昌县和宣汉县微小按蚊密度相对较高[>40.00只/（灯·夜）]。
2011年至2021年四川省疟疾媒介仍广泛分布，中华按蚊为疟疾媒介优势种。四川省仍存在输入性疟疾本地再传播风险，需持续加强输入性疟疾病例及疟疾媒介监测。
