He W, Yu W, Huang Y, Liao S, Zhang G, Wang Q, Li R, Yang L, Yao R, Zhang Z, Zhong B, Liu Y, Wang Q
Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Sichuan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
Zhongguo Xue Xi Chong Bing Fang Zhi Za Zhi. 2024 Feb 2;35(6):614-620. doi: 10.16250/j.32.1374.2023116.
To evaluate the effectiveness of comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2022, so as to provide insights into formulation of future control interventions.
Data pertaining to comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source and echinococcosis surveillance in Sichuan Province from 2010 to 2022 were collected. The effectiveness of comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source was evaluated with prevalence of human echinococcosis, detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis patients, prevalence of infection in domestic dogs, prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock, prevalence of alveolar echinococcosis in small mammals and awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge, and Spearman's rank correlation analysis.
The prevalence of human echinococcosis reduced from 1.08% in 2010 to 0.40% in 2022 in Sichuan Province (χ = 1 482.97, < 0.05), with a reduction from 0.30% to 0.02% in the detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis cases (χ = 2 776.41, < 0.05), a reduction from 15.87% to 0.46% in the prevalence of infection in domestic dogs (χ = 20 823.96, < 0.05), a reduction from 8.05% to 1.07% in the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock (χ = 1 296.02, < 0.05), and the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge increased from 50.65% to 95.24% (χ = 34 938.63, < 0.05); in addition, there was a year-specific prevalence rate of alveolar echinococcosis in small mammals (χ = 164.07, < 0.05). Spearman's rank correlation analysis revealed that the detection of newly diagnosed echinococcosis cases correlated positively with the prevalence of infections in domestic dogs ( = 0.823, < 0.05) and the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock ( = 0.795, < 0.05), and correlated negatively with the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge ( = - 0.918, < 0.05), and the prevalence of infection in domestic dogs correlated positively with the prevalence of cystic echinococcosis in livestock ( = 0.753, < 0.05) and negatively with the awareness of echinococcosis control knowledge ( = -0.747, < 0.05); however, there was no correlation between the prevalence of infections in domestic dogs and the prevalence of alveolar echinococcosis in small mammals ( = -0.750, > 0.05).
The comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source had achieved remarkable effectiveness in Sichuan Province; however, the transmission chain of echinococcosis has not been interrupted. Reinforced comprehensive echinococcosis control measures with emphasis on management of infectious source and sustained tracking evaluation of the effectiveness are recommended in Sichuan Province.
评估2010年至2022年四川省以传染源管理为重点的包虫病综合防控措施的效果，为制定未来防控干预措施提供依据。
收集2010年至2022年四川省以传染源管理为重点的包虫病综合防控措施及包虫病监测相关数据。采用人群包虫病患病率、新确诊包虫病病例检出率、家犬感染率、家畜囊型包虫病患病率、小型哺乳动物泡型包虫病患病率及包虫病防治知识知晓率进行以传染源管理为重点的包虫病综合防控措施效果评价，并进行Spearman秩相关分析。
四川省人群包虫病患病率由2010年的1.08%降至2022年的0.40%（χ² = 1482.97，P < 0.05），新确诊包虫病病例检出率由0.30%降至0.02%（χ² = 2776.41，P < 0.05），家犬感染率由15.87%降至0.46%（χ² = 20823.96，P < 0.05），家畜囊型包虫病患病率由8.05%降至1.07%（χ² = 1296.02，P < 0.05），包虫病防治知识知晓率由50.65%提高至95.24%（χ² = 34938.63，P < 0.05）；此外，小型哺乳动物泡型包虫病患病率有年度特异性变化（χ² = 164.07，P < 0.05）。Spearman秩相关分析显示，新确诊包虫病病例检出率与家犬感染率（r = 0.823，P < 0.05）、家畜囊型包虫病患病率（r = 0.795，P < 0.05）呈正相关，与包虫病防治知识知晓率（r = -0.918，P < 0.05）呈负相关；家犬感染率与家畜囊型包虫病患病率（r = 0.753，P < 0.05）呈正相关，与包虫病防治知识知晓率（r = -0.747，P < 0.05）呈负相关；家犬感染率与小型哺乳动物泡型包虫病患病率无相关性（r = -0.750，P > 0.05）。
四川省以传染源管理为重点的包虫病综合防控措施取得了显著成效，但包虫病传播链尚未阻断。建议四川省强化以传染源管理为重点的包虫病综合防控措施，并持续跟踪评估防控效果。
