Robbins A M, Osberger M J, Miyamoto R T, Kienle M L, Myres W A
J Speech Hear Res. 1985 Dec;28(4):565-78. doi: 10.1044/jshr.2804.565.
This study evaluated 20 deaf adults' ability to understand connected discourse under two conditions: (a) lipreading alone (LA), and (b) lipreading plus electrical stimulation by a single-channel cochlear implant (LI). Performance was evaluated using the speech-tracking procedure, which required the deaf receiver to repeat verbatim textual material read by another individual. The reception of ongoing speech was measured in terms of the number of words repeated correctly per minute. The results revealed, on the average, a significantly higher tracking rate in the LI condition (28.6 wpm) than the LA condition (16.4 wpm). There was a significant learning effect across sessions for both conditions. Subjects who were previous hearing aid users achieved a significantly higher tracking rate in the LI condition than did subjects who had no previous experience with amplification. Significant subject differences were present as a function of condition. Sixteen of the 20 subjects achieved higher tracking rates in the LI than in the LA condition. However, 4 of these 16 subjects showed similar relative gains in both conditions and 3 showed a decrease in performance in the LA condition over time. The remaining 4 subjects showed nearly equivalent tracking rates in both conditions over time. The data suggest that the majority of subjects were able to learn to make use of the cues provided by electrical stimulation by a single-channel cochlear implant to enhance their lipreading skills, at least for highly redundant material in a communicative situation.
本研究评估了20名成年聋人在两种条件下理解连贯话语的能力：（a）仅唇读（LA），以及（b）唇读加单通道人工耳蜗电刺激（LI）。使用言语跟踪程序评估表现，该程序要求聋人受试者逐字重复另一个人朗读的文字材料。根据每分钟正确重复的单词数量来衡量对正在进行的言语的接收情况。结果显示，平均而言，LI条件下（28.6个单词每分钟）的跟踪率显著高于LA条件下（16.4个单词每分钟）。两种条件下各阶段均存在显著的学习效果。以前使用过助听器的受试者在LI条件下的跟踪率显著高于没有使用过放大设备经验的受试者。根据条件存在显著的个体差异。20名受试者中有16名在LI条件下的跟踪率高于LA条件下。然而，这16名受试者中有4名在两种条件下的相对增益相似，3名受试者在LA条件下随着时间推移表现下降。其余4名受试者随着时间推移在两种条件下的跟踪率几乎相当。数据表明，大多数受试者能够学会利用单通道人工耳蜗电刺激提供的线索来提高他们的唇读技能，至少对于交际情境中高度冗余的材料是如此。
