Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway.
Department of Pediatrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Acta Paediatr. 2024 Jun;113(6):1331-1339. doi: 10.1111/apa.17175. Epub 2024 Feb 28.
Preschool children prenatally exposed to opioid maintenance therapy (OMT) have an increased risk of neurodevelopmental impairments. We aimed to investigate long-term motor and visual-motor integration outcome in children aged 5-13 Years, born to mothers in OMT.
From January 2018 to June 2021, 63 children prenatally exposed to OMT and 63 comparison children matched for age and gender, were examined at two Norwegian hospitals. Motor skills were assessed by the Movement-ABC test and visual-motor integration by the Beery VMI test. A motor function neurological assessment test was used to examine neuromotor soft signs.
In the OMT-exposed group, 16% had motor impairment, 35% had motor problems and 19% had visual-motor integration problems. Forty-three percent of the exposed children had neuromotor soft signs. Strabismus had some influence on motor and visual-motor outcomes but could not explain the group differences.
Children prenatally exposed to opioid maintenance therapy have an increased risk of long-term motor impairment and visual-motor problems. In addition, they exhibit significantly more neuromotor soft signs, which may affect general well-being, leisure activities and school performance.
产前暴露于阿片类药物维持治疗（OMT）的学龄前儿童有神经发育障碍的风险增加。我们旨在研究母亲接受 OMT 治疗所生的 5-13 岁儿童的长期运动和视动整合结果。
从 2018 年 1 月到 2021 年 6 月，在挪威的两家医院检查了 63 名产前暴露于 OMT 的儿童和 63 名年龄和性别匹配的对照儿童。运动技能通过运动 ABC 测试进行评估，视动整合通过 Beery VMI 测试进行评估。使用运动功能神经评估测试检查神经运动软体征。
在 OMT 暴露组中，16%的儿童有运动障碍，35%的儿童有运动问题，19%的儿童有视动整合问题。43%的暴露儿童有神经运动软体征。斜视对视动和运动结果有一定影响，但不能解释组间差异。
产前暴露于阿片类药物维持治疗的儿童有长期运动障碍和视动问题的风险增加。此外，他们还表现出明显更多的神经运动软体征，这可能会影响整体健康、休闲活动和学业表现。
