R&D Department, Ilender Perú S.A., Lima, Peru; Department of Chemistry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC.
R&D Department, Ilender Perú S.A., Lima, Peru; Department of Chemistry, NC State University, Raleigh, NC.
Poult Sci. 2024 May;103(5):103567. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103567. Epub 2024 Feb 18.
Improving productive performance is a daily challenge in the poultry industry. Developing cost-effective additives and strategies that improve performance in antibiotic-free poultry production is critical to maintaining productivity and efficiency. This study evaluates the influence of a commercially available phytogenic feed additive (CA-PFA, that comprises silymarin, betaine and curcumin extracts as main ingredients) and silymarin on commercial broilers' productive performance and liver function with and without carbon tetrachloride (CCl)-induced liver damage. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, with six treatments, eight replicates, and eight birds per replicate in 18 one-day-old male broilers (Cobb Vantress 500) each; under a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement (3 diets x 2 levels of CCl, 0 and 1 mL/kg body weight orally). The experimental treatments included 3 diets, commercially recommended doses of CA-PFA (500 mg/kg of feed; this dose provides 70 mg/kg of silymarin, besides the other active ingredients included in the formulation), silymarin (250 mg/kg of feed, containing 28% of active ingredient; this dose provides 70 mg/kg of silymarin as active ingredient) and an additive-free basal diet as a control. A standard commercial silymarin was used as a reference due to its well-known and extensively studied hepatoprotective properties that can mitigate the negative effects of CCl in the liver. The data were analyzed as a 2-way ANOVA, and the means showing significant (P ≤ 0.05) differences were then compared using the Post-Hoc Tukey HSD test. No interaction was detected between factors. Exposure to CCl had a noticeable detrimental effect on alertness, productive performance, and liver function of broilers without a significant increase in mortality. Including CA-PFA in the diet improved productive performance compared to the basal diet from day 21 to the end of the trial, on day 42. While no influence in feed intake was detected for any treatment, CA-PFA improved body weight gain (BWG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly (P < 0.05) from day 21 to the end of the trial in healthy and CCl-exposed birds. The results show that CA-PFA supplementation improves performance parameters in broilers with and without CCl-induced liver damage, when compared to a basal diet and the addition of a standard commercial silymarin product.
提高生产性能是家禽养殖业每天面临的挑战。开发具有成本效益的添加剂和策略，以提高无抗生素家禽生产中的性能，对于维持生产力和效率至关重要。本研究评估了一种市售植物源饲料添加剂（CA-PFA，其主要成分包括水飞蓟素、甜菜碱和姜黄素提取物）和水飞蓟素对商业肉鸡生产性能和肝功能的影响，同时评估了有无四氯化碳（CCl）诱导的肝损伤。试验采用完全随机设计，6 个处理，8 个重复，每个重复 8 只 1 日龄雄性肉鸡（考伯万特雷斯 500）；采用 3×2 因子设计（3 种日粮×2 个 CCl 水平，0 和 1 mL/kg 体重口服）。试验处理包括 3 种日粮，市售 CA-PFA 推荐剂量（500mg/kg 饲料；该剂量提供 70mg/kg 的水飞蓟素，以及配方中包含的其他活性成分）、水飞蓟素（250mg/kg 饲料，含有 28%的活性成分；该剂量提供 70mg/kg 的水飞蓟素作为活性成分）和无添加剂的基础日粮作为对照。由于其众所周知且广泛研究的保肝特性，可减轻 CCl 对肝脏的负面影响，因此使用标准的商业水飞蓟素作为参考。数据采用 2 因素方差分析进行分析，对差异显著（P≤0.05）的均值采用 Tukey HSD 事后检验进行比较。未检测到因素之间存在交互作用。暴露于 CCl 对肉鸡的警觉性、生产性能和肝功能有明显的不利影响，但死亡率没有显著增加。与基础日粮相比，日粮中添加 CA-PFA 从第 21 天到试验结束时（第 42 天）提高了生产性能。虽然任何处理都没有检测到采食量的影响，但 CA-PFA 显著提高了健康和 CCl 暴露肉鸡的体重增加（BWG）和饲料转化率（FCR）（P<0.05）。结果表明，与基础日粮和添加标准商业水飞蓟素产品相比，CA-PFA 补充剂可提高有和无 CCl 诱导肝损伤肉鸡的生产性能参数。
