Rupareliya Manali, Shende Pravin
Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, Mumbai, India.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2024;1470:57-72. doi: 10.1007/5584_2024_799.
Stem cells are undifferentiated cells possessing a remarkable capacity to develop into multiple cell types. NKB cells, referred to "natural killer-like B cells," are recently identified subtype of B lymphocytes possessing characteristics that are similar to both natural killer (NK) cells and regular B lymphocytes. NK cells are lymphocyte-like in structure and cytotoxic in nature participating in the immediate immune response to the infected or malignant cells, whereas B lymphocytes produce antibodies and participate in adaptive immune response by binding to the specific antigen. The identification of NKB cells brings up new possibilities for studying and perhaps modulating immune responses in a variety of diseases, particularly those associated with microbial infections or inflammatory responses. Further, correlation of NKB cells with interleukins allows us to understand the molecular mechanism of diseases. Stem cell research offers a better understanding of NKB cell participation and provides new insights for novel treatment methods wherein mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have found to be the most promising stem cell showing positive outcomes in NKB cell-associated inflammatory diseases. Additionally, the perceptions acquired from researching NKB cells in diverse diseases leads to innovative treatment options, improving our capacity to control and cure immunological dysregulation-related ailments.
干细胞是未分化的细胞，具有发育成多种细胞类型的显著能力。NKB细胞，被称为“自然杀伤样B细胞”，是最近发现的B淋巴细胞亚型，具有与自然杀伤（NK）细胞和常规B淋巴细胞相似的特征。NK细胞在结构上类似淋巴细胞，本质上具有细胞毒性，参与对感染或恶性细胞的即时免疫反应，而B淋巴细胞产生抗体并通过与特定抗原结合参与适应性免疫反应。NKB细胞的鉴定为研究以及可能调节多种疾病的免疫反应带来了新的可能性，特别是那些与微生物感染或炎症反应相关的疾病。此外，NKB细胞与白细胞介素的相关性使我们能够了解疾病的分子机制。干细胞研究有助于更好地理解NKB细胞的参与情况，并为新的治疗方法提供新的见解，其中间充质干细胞（MSC）已被发现是最有前途的干细胞，在与NKB细胞相关的炎症性疾病中显示出积极的效果。此外，在多种疾病中研究NKB细胞所获得的认识带来了创新的治疗选择，提高了我们控制和治愈免疫失调相关疾病的能力。
