Department of Research and Development, Vinmec Research Institute of Stem Cell and Gene Technology, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Department of Cellular Therapy, Vinmec High-Tech Center, Vinmec Healthcare System, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2022 Aug 6;7(1):272. doi: 10.1038/s41392-022-01134-4.
Recent advancements in stem cell technology open a new door for patients suffering from diseases and disorders that have yet to be treated. Stem cell-based therapy, including human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) and multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), has recently emerged as a key player in regenerative medicine. hPSCs are defined as self-renewable cell types conferring the ability to differentiate into various cellular phenotypes of the human body, including three germ layers. MSCs are multipotent progenitor cells possessing self-renewal ability (limited in vitro) and differentiation potential into mesenchymal lineages, according to the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT). This review provides an update on recent clinical applications using either hPSCs or MSCs derived from bone marrow (BM), adipose tissue (AT), or the umbilical cord (UC) for the treatment of human diseases, including neurological disorders, pulmonary dysfunctions, metabolic/endocrine-related diseases, reproductive disorders, skin burns, and cardiovascular conditions. Moreover, we discuss our own clinical trial experiences on targeted therapies using MSCs in a clinical setting, and we propose and discuss the MSC tissue origin concept and how MSC origin may contribute to the role of MSCs in downstream applications, with the ultimate objective of facilitating translational research in regenerative medicine into clinical applications. The mechanisms discussed here support the proposed hypothesis that BM-MSCs are potentially good candidates for brain and spinal cord injury treatment, AT-MSCs are potentially good candidates for reproductive disorder treatment and skin regeneration, and UC-MSCs are potentially good candidates for pulmonary disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome treatment.
最近，干细胞技术的进步为那些尚未得到治疗的疾病和障碍的患者开辟了新的希望。基于干细胞的治疗方法，包括人类多能干细胞（hPSCs）和多能间充质干细胞（MSCs），最近已成为再生医学的重要组成部分。hPSCs 被定义为具有自我更新能力的细胞类型，能够分化为人体的各种细胞表型，包括三个胚层。MSCs 是多能祖细胞，具有自我更新能力（体外有限）和分化为间充质谱系的潜能，根据国际细胞和基因治疗学会（ISCT）的定义。本综述介绍了最近使用源自骨髓（BM）、脂肪组织（AT）或脐带（UC）的 hPSCs 或 MSCs 治疗人类疾病的临床应用进展，包括神经退行性疾病、肺功能障碍、代谢/内分泌相关疾病、生殖障碍、皮肤烧伤和心血管疾病。此外，我们还讨论了我们在临床环境中使用 MSCs 进行靶向治疗的临床研究经验，并提出和讨论了 MSC 组织来源的概念，以及 MSC 来源如何有助于 MSC 在下游应用中的作用，最终目标是促进再生医学中的转化研究转化为临床应用。这里讨论的机制支持了以下假设：BM-MSCs 可能是脑和脊髓损伤治疗的良好候选者，AT-MSCs 可能是生殖障碍治疗和皮肤再生的良好候选者，UC-MSCs 可能是肺部疾病和急性呼吸窘迫综合征治疗的良好候选者。
