Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine, Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas & UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States.
Department of Veterans Affairs NJ Health Care System, Airborne Hazards and Burn Pits Center of Excellence, East Orange, New Jersey, United States.
J Appl Physiol (1985). 2024 Apr 1;136(4):977-983. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00888.2023. Epub 2024 Feb 29.
Little is known about whether body composition changes differently between children with and without obesity following 1 year of nonintervention. Therefore, we investigated body composition in early pubescent children (8-12 yr) with and without obesity before and after a period of 1 year of nonintervention. Early pubescent children (8-12 yr; Tanner stage ≤ 3) with (body mass index, BMI ≥ 95th percentile) and without obesity (15th < BMI < 85th percentile) were recruited. At baseline, 88 children ( = 25 without obesity) completed dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry imaging (DXA) for body composition measurements [%body fat, fat mass, fat-free mass (FFM)]. One year later, 47 participants ( = 15 without obesity) returned for repeat testing. The children without obesity were older (11.0 ± 1.0 vs. 10.0 ± 1.2 yr; means ± SD) ( = 0.013). There was no group difference in height, and both groups increased in height similarly after 1 year (147.7 ± 8.9 to 154.5 ± 9.2 cm without vs. 145.6 ± 5.8 to 152.5 ± 5.9 cm with obesity) ( < 0.001). Weight was greater ( < 0.001) in children with obesity at baseline as was the increase in weight after 1 yr (9.25 vs. 5.82 kg) (interaction, = 0.005). Fat mass increased by 4.4 kg in children with obesity and by 1.1 kg in children without obesity (interaction, < 0.001). However, there was no difference in fat-free mass between those with and without obesity at baseline (29.9 ± 5.9 vs. 31.6 ± 4.8 kg) ( = 0.206) with both groups increasing similarly over 1 year (gain of 4.87 vs. 4.85 kg with and without obesity, respectively). Without intervention, the increase in fat mass is four times greater in children with obesity after 1 year as compared with children without obesity. Little is known about changes in body composition in children with and without obesity following 1 year of nonintervention. We report that without intervention, fat mass gain is significantly greater in children with obesity after 1 year compared with those without obesity. Body mass index (BMI) and %body fat measurements after 1 year yielded no significant increase suggesting that BMI and %fat alone are not suitable measures for tracking changes in adiposity among children.
关于肥胖和非肥胖儿童在非干预 1 年后的身体成分变化是否不同，目前知之甚少。因此，我们调查了在非干预 1 年后，早期青春期（8-12 岁）肥胖和非肥胖儿童的身体成分。招募了早期青春期（8-12 岁；Tanner 分期≤3）肥胖（体重指数 BMI≥95 百分位）和非肥胖（15 百分位<BMI<85 百分位）儿童。在基线时，88 名儿童（=25 名非肥胖）完成了双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）的身体成分测量[体脂%、脂肪量、去脂体重（FFM）]。一年后，47 名参与者（=15 名非肥胖）返回进行重复测试。非肥胖儿童年龄较大（11.0±1.0 岁比 10.0±1.2 岁；均值±SD）（=0.013）。两组之间在身高方面没有差异，并且在 1 年后身高都有相似的增长（147.7±8.9 厘米至 154.5±9.2 厘米无肥胖，145.6±5.8 厘米至 152.5±5.9 厘米有肥胖）（<0.001）。肥胖儿童的体重更大（<0.001），并且 1 年后体重的增加也更大（9.25 千克比 5.82 千克）（交互作用，=0.005）。肥胖儿童的脂肪量增加了 4.4 千克，非肥胖儿童增加了 1.1 千克（交互作用，<0.001）。然而，肥胖和非肥胖儿童的去脂体重在基线时没有差异（29.9±5.9 千克比 31.6±4.8 千克）（=0.206），并且两组在 1 年内都有相似的增长（肥胖和非肥胖分别增加 4.87 千克和 4.85 千克）。没有干预的情况下，肥胖儿童在 1 年后的脂肪量增加是无肥胖儿童的四倍。关于肥胖和非肥胖儿童在非干预 1 年后的身体成分变化，我们知之甚少。我们报告说，没有干预的情况下，肥胖儿童在 1 年后的脂肪量增加明显高于非肥胖儿童。1 年后的 BMI 和体脂%测量没有显著增加，这表明 BMI 和体脂%单独作为监测儿童肥胖变化的指标并不合适。
