Kuang Xingxing, Liu Junguo, Scanlon Bridget R, Jiao Jiu Jimmy, Jasechko Scott, Lancia Michele, Biskaborn Boris K, Wada Yoshihide, Li Hailong, Zeng Zhenzhong, Guo Zhilin, Yao Yingying, Gleeson Tom, Nicot Jean-Philippe, Luo Xin, Zou Yiguang, Zheng Chunmiao
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Integrated Surface Water-Groundwater Pollution Control, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Henan Provincial Key Lab of Hydrosphere and Watershed Water Security, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou, China.
Science. 2024 Mar;383(6686):eadf0630. doi: 10.1126/science.adf0630. Epub 2024 Mar 1.
In recent decades, climate change and other anthropogenic activities have substantially affected groundwater systems worldwide. These impacts include changes in groundwater recharge, discharge, flow, storage, and distribution. Climate-induced shifts are evident in altered recharge rates, greater groundwater contribution to streamflow in glacierized catchments, and enhanced groundwater flow in permafrost areas. Direct anthropogenic changes include groundwater withdrawal and injection, regional flow regime modification, water table and storage alterations, and redistribution of embedded groundwater in foods globally. Notably, groundwater extraction contributes to sea level rise, increasing the risk of groundwater inundation in coastal areas. The role of groundwater in the global water cycle is becoming more dynamic and complex. Quantifying these changes is essential to ensure sustainable supply of fresh groundwater resources for people and ecosystems.
近几十年来，气候变化和其他人类活动已对全球地下水系统产生了重大影响。这些影响包括地下水补给、排泄、流动、储存和分布的变化。气候导致的变化在补给率改变、冰川化集水区中地下水对河流流量的贡献增加以及多年冻土区地下水流增强方面表现明显。直接的人为变化包括地下水抽取与注入、区域水流状态改变、地下水位和储存变化以及全球范围内食物中所含地下水的重新分布。值得注意的是，地下水抽取导致海平面上升，增加了沿海地区地下水淹没的风险。地下水在全球水循环中的作用正变得更加动态和复杂。量化这些变化对于确保为人类和生态系统可持续供应新鲜地下水资源至关重要。
