Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Entomologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro - UFRJ, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Botânica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
Braz J Biol. 2024 Feb 26;83:e279575. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.279575. eCollection 2024.
The Botanical Garden of the Museu Nacional/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil) was investigated monthly from October, 2017 to December, 2019 in a total of 27 collections, each lasting four hours, following the methodology of random walking. Vegetative and reproductive organs of herbs, bushes and trees (up to 2 m high) were examined by two people. Voucher material was deposited in the Entomological Collection of the Museu Nacional (MNRJ)/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. We found 13 insect gall morphotypes in nine host plant species of four families. All host plants are native of Brazil, except Ficus microcarpa L.f. (Moraceae), which is naturalized. Myrtaceae and Moraceae were the plant families with the greatest richness of gall morphotypes. Eugenia L. (Myrtaceae) and Ficus L. (Moraceae) were the plant genera with the highest number of gall morphotypes. In several inventories in the Atlantic forest, Myrtaceae and Eugenia stand out for harboring a great variety of galls, while Moraceae and Ficus were never stood out for this reason. Most plant species mentioned in the present study were already known as hosts of gall-inducing insects in Brazil. However, for the first time, insect galls are reported on Ficus crocata (Miq.) Miq. (Moraceae). We found two new morphotypes on Eugenia florida DC. (Myrtaceae). Leaves, stems and buds were the galled organs. Cecidomyiidae were the most frequent inducers. Galls of Thysanoptera were also found. Inquilines were observed in leaf galls on Eugenia florida. They promoted differences in gall morphology and killed the gall-inducing larva.
巴西里约热内卢联邦大学国家博物馆植物园（里约热内卢，里约热内卢州，巴西）于 2017 年 10 月至 2019 年 12 月期间进行了每月一次的调查，总计 27 次采集，每次持续四个小时，采用随机游走的方法。草本植物、灌木和树木（高达 2 米）的营养器官和繁殖器官由两人进行检查。凭证材料被存放在里约热内卢联邦大学国家博物馆的昆虫收藏馆（MNRJ）中。我们在 9 种宿主植物中发现了 13 种昆虫瘿形态型，这些植物分属于 4 科。除榕属（桑科）的榕小蜂是归化种外，所有宿主植物均原产于巴西。瘿形态型最丰富的植物科为桃金娘科和桑科。瘿形态型最多的植物属为桃金娘属和榕属。在大西洋森林的几次调查中，桃金娘科和 Eugenia 因拥有大量的瘿而引人注目，而桑科和榕属则从未因此而引人注目。本研究中提到的大多数植物物种在巴西已经被认为是诱导昆虫的寄主。然而，这是首次在榕属（榕属）Crocatia 中报道昆虫瘿。我们在 Eugenia florida DC.（桃金娘科）上发现了两种新的形态型。受感染的器官为叶片、茎和芽。瘿蜂科是最常见的诱导物。还发现了缨翅目昆虫的瘿。在 Eugenia florida 的叶瘿中观察到了寄生物。它们促进了瘿形态的差异，并杀死了诱导幼虫。
