Universidade do Estado da Bahia - UNEB, Departamento de Ciências Exatas e da Terra, II, Alagoinhas, BA, Brasil.
Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Vegetal - PPGBVeg, Alagoinhas, BA, Brasil.
Braz J Biol. 2024 Feb 26;84:e280487. doi: 10.1590/1519-6984.28048. eCollection 2024.
The genus Psidium, belonging to the family Myrtaceae, encompasses several plant species rich in essential oils. Several studies involving different research areas have shown promising results for essential oils, which has attracted interest from diverse sectors, including pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the biological activity of the essential oil extracted from Psidium bahianum leaves (EOPb) collected in an Atlantic Forest remnant in the northern coast of the state of Bahia, Brazil. EOPb was extracted by steam distillation and analyzed through proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR). The free radical scavenging activity was assessed using the DPPH methodology (analyzing the scavenging of the stable free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). Antimicrobial disk diffusion assays were conducted; toxicity was determined through assays on sheep erythrocytes and Artemia salina. 1H-NMR evaluation showed the presence mainly of monoterpenes and sesquisterpenes. The percentage of antioxidant activity was 18.03±2.53 53 for 125 125 µg mL-1. Antimicrobial assays showed that the essential oil at a concentration of 10 mg mL-1 inhibited the growth of the microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus, Micrococcus luteus, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, and C. glabrata. The toxicity results indicated that concentrations of EOPb at 10, 100, 250, and 500 µg mL-1 were not toxic to sheep erythrocytes. The toxicity assay on A. salina showed that the lethal concentration for 50% of individuals (LC50) within 24 and 48 hours were 371.48 and 302 µg mL-1 of EOPb, respectively, which were considered moderately toxic, whereas the LC50 within 72 horas was 33.11 µg mL-1, considered highly toxic. These findings are promising, as the essential oil from P. bahianum leaves showed antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. The data obtained for the essential oil toxicity in A. salina could be tested on different tumor cell lines.
该属 Psidium，属于桃金娘科，包含几种富含挥发油的植物物种。涉及不同研究领域的几项研究表明，挥发油具有有希望的结果，这引起了包括制药、食品和化妆品行业在内的不同领域的兴趣。因此，本研究的目的是评估从巴西巴伊亚州北部海岸大西洋森林残余物中采集的番石榴叶（EOPb）中提取的精油的生物活性。EOPb 通过蒸汽蒸馏提取，并通过质子核磁共振（1H-NMR）进行分析。通过 DPPH 方法评估自由基清除活性（分析稳定自由基 1,1-二苯基-2-苦基肼的清除）。进行了抗微生物圆盘扩散测定；通过绵羊红细胞和盐水丰年虾测定来确定毒性。1H-NMR 评估表明，主要存在单萜类和倍半萜类。抗氧化活性的百分比为 18.03±2.53（在 125-125 µg mL-1 时）。抗微生物测定表明，在 10 mg mL-1 的浓度下，精油抑制了金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、蜡状芽孢杆菌、微球菌、大肠杆菌、黑曲霉、白色念珠菌和光滑念珠菌的生长。毒性结果表明，EOPb 的浓度在 10、100、250 和 500 µg mL-1 时对绵羊红细胞没有毒性。盐水丰年虾的毒性测定表明，24 小时和 48 小时时，个体致死浓度（LC50）分别为 371.48 和 302 µg mL-1 的 EOPb，被认为是中度毒性，而 72 小时时的 LC50 为 33.11 µg mL-1，被认为是高度毒性。这些发现是有希望的，因为番石榴叶的精油显示出对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌和真菌的抗菌活性。在盐水丰年虾中获得的精油毒性数据可以在不同的肿瘤细胞系上进行测试。
