Department of Plant Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland; email:
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2024 Jul;75(1):67-93. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-060223-025336. Epub 2024 Jul 2.
B vitamins are a source of coenzymes for a vast array of enzyme reactions, particularly those of metabolism. As metabolism is the basis of decisions that drive maintenance, growth, and development, B vitamin-derived coenzymes are key components that facilitate these processes. For over a century, we have known about these essential compounds and have elucidated their pathways of biosynthesis, repair, salvage, and degradation in numerous organisms. Only now are we beginning to understand their importance for regulatory processes, which are becoming an important topic in plants. Here, I highlight and discuss emerging evidence on how B vitamins are integrated into vital processes, from energy generation and nutrition to gene expression, and thereby contribute to the coordination of growth and developmental programs, particularly those that concern maintenance of a stable state, which is the foundational tenet of plant homeostasis.
B 族维生素是辅酶的来源，参与了大量的酶反应，特别是新陈代谢中的酶反应。由于新陈代谢是维持、生长和发育等决策的基础，B 族维生素衍生的辅酶是促进这些过程的关键组成部分。一个多世纪以来，我们已经了解了这些必需化合物，并阐明了它们在许多生物体中的生物合成、修复、补救和降解途径。直到现在，我们才开始了解它们在调控过程中的重要性，这在植物中已成为一个重要的课题。在这里，我重点介绍和讨论了新出现的证据，说明 B 族维生素如何整合到从能量产生和营养到基因表达等重要过程中，从而有助于协调生长和发育计划，特别是那些涉及维持稳定状态的计划，这是植物体内平衡的基础原则。
