Kapoor Shivam, Dhankhar Anushikha, Bhatt Garima, Goel Sonu, Singh Rana J
Tobacco Control Department, International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union) South-East Asia, New Delhi, India.
Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.
Indian J Community Med. 2024 Jan-Feb;49(1):144-151. doi: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_188_23. Epub 2024 Jan 12.
India has nearly 267 million adult tobacco users, with a slowly improving quitting rate. Among the many approaches to quitting the habit, such as counseling, nicotine replacement therapy, nicotine patch or gum, and prescribed allopathic medicines. Complementary and alternative medicine/therapy (CAM), a thousand-year-old practice in India, may also prove to be a potential method in tobacco cessation; however, there is scarce literature on the extent of use of CAM among tobacco users who attempt to quit the habit. Therefore, this study attempts to examine the potential of CAM as a strategy for tobacco control in India.
We undertook a secondary analysis of the data from both rounds of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS 2009 and 2016). The dependent variable included in the analysis was the use of traditional medicine as a method for quitting tobacco in three types of users-smokers, smokeless tobacco users, and dual users. The prevalence of CAM use was reported, and Chi-square test was applied to find the factors significantly associated with the use of CAM among tobacco users considering a value of 0.05 to be statistically significant.
The overall prevalence of traditional medicine use for GATS-1 was observed to be more among dual users (4%), while for GATS-2, it was highest among smokers (3%). For both rounds of the GATS survey, the use of traditional medicine was found to be higher among males, rural residents, users with no education or less than primary education, and the eastern region.
CAM has a promising potential for supporting tobacco cessation provided a concerted effort is undertaken to standardize pharmacopeia and establish robust clinical evidence. In addition, there is a need to create awareness, build the capacity of healthcare providers, and foster academic-industrial research in indigenous Ayurveda, Yoga, Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy (AYUSH) systems.
印度有近2.67亿成年烟草使用者，戒烟率正在缓慢提高。在众多戒烟方法中，如咨询、尼古丁替代疗法、尼古丁贴片或口香糖以及处方的西医药物。补充和替代医学/疗法（CAM）在印度已有千年历史，也可能被证明是一种潜在的戒烟方法；然而，关于尝试戒烟的烟草使用者中CAM的使用程度的文献却很少。因此，本研究试图探讨CAM作为印度烟草控制策略的潜力。
我们对全球成人烟草调查（GATS 2009和2016）两轮的数据进行了二次分析。分析中纳入的因变量是传统医学作为三种类型使用者（吸烟者、无烟烟草使用者和双重使用者）戒烟方法的使用情况。报告了CAM的使用 prevalence，并应用卡方检验来找出与烟草使用者中CAM使用显著相关的因素，将0.05的值视为具有统计学意义。
观察到GATS - 1中双重使用者使用传统医学的总体 prevalence 更高（4%），而GATS - 2中吸烟者的使用 prevalence 最高（3%）。在GATS调查的两轮中，发现男性、农村居民、未受过教育或小学以下教育的使用者以及东部地区使用传统医学的比例更高。
如果齐心协力规范药典并建立有力的临床证据，CAM在支持戒烟方面具有广阔的潜力。此外，有必要提高认识、建设医疗服务提供者的能力，并促进对本土阿育吠陀、瑜伽、自然疗法、尤那尼、悉达和顺势疗法（AYUSH）系统的学术 - 产业研究。
