Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA.
Clin Plast Surg. 2024 Apr;51(2):255-265. doi: 10.1016/j.cps.2023.11.003. Epub 2023 Dec 7.
The leading cause of morbidity in burn patients is infection with pneumonia, urinary tract infection, cellulitis, and wound infection being the most common cause. High mortality is due to the immunocompromised status of patients and abundance of multidrug-resistant organisms in burn units. Despite the criteria set forth by American Association of Burn, the diagnosis and treatment of burn infections are not always straightforward. Topical antimicrobials, isolation, hygiene, and personal protective equipment are common preventive measures. Additionally medical and nutritional optimization of the patients is crucial to reverse the immunocompromised status triggered by burn injury.
烧伤患者发病率的主要原因是感染，肺炎、尿路感染、蜂窝织炎和伤口感染是最常见的原因。高死亡率是由于烧伤患者的免疫功能低下和烧伤病房中多药耐药菌的大量存在。尽管美国烧伤协会制定了标准，但烧伤感染的诊断和治疗并不总是那么简单。局部抗菌药物、隔离、卫生和个人防护设备是常见的预防措施。此外，烧伤患者的医疗和营养优化对于逆转烧伤损伤引起的免疫功能低下至关重要。
