Department of Clinical Medicine-Department of Clinical Medicine-Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
Center for Global Health, Department of Maternal, Child, and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
Am J Prev Med. 2024 Jul;67(1):105-113. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2024.02.017. Epub 2024 Feb 29.
Paternal preconceptional alcohol use may contribute to early pregnancy loss. However, the link between paternal preconceptional alcohol use disorder and long-term offspring's mortality risk remains unclear. This study examined the association of paternal preconceptional alcohol use disorder and recency of diagnosis with offspring's mortality and further stratified the mortality after the first year of birth by age.
This is a nationwide cohort study with 1,973,174 Danish births (1980-2012), with follow-up from birth until death; emigration; or December 31, 2016. Paternal conceptional alcohol use disorder was identified from Danish National Patient Register and Prescription Registry, categorizing recency of diagnosis into <1 year, 1 to <4 years, 4 to <8 years, and ≥8 years. Logistic regression estimated the ORs and 95% CIs for offspring mortality risk. All data were analyzed in 2023.
Paternal preconceptional alcohol use disorder was associated with a 28% increased mortality after 1 year of birth (95% CI=1.09, 1.51), 23% increased infant mortality (95% CI=1.07, 1.42), and 23% increased odds of stillbirth (95% CI=1.06, 1.43). Paternal alcohol use disorder diagnosed <1 year before conception was associated with an 85%-111% increased risk of mortality in offspring aged 15-40 years. More recent alcohol use disorder diagnosis (i.e., 1 year before conception) had a higher risks of death from infectious and circulatory diseases in offsprings.
Offspring of fathers with alcohol use disorder before conception had higher mortality risk from birth to early adulthood, especially when alcohol use disorder diagnosis is close to conception. Current awareness regarding paternal preconceptional alcohol dependence use is insufficient. Promoting alcohol dependence avoidance, including educating men on the impact of alcohol on child health during prepregnancy examination, may help reduce or prevent long-term offspring mortality.
父亲在受孕前饮酒可能会导致早期妊娠丢失。然而，父亲在受孕前患有酒精使用障碍与长期后代死亡风险之间的联系仍不清楚。本研究调查了父亲在受孕前的酒精使用障碍和最近诊断与后代死亡的关系，并进一步按年龄分层了出生后第一年的死亡率。
这是一项全国性队列研究，纳入了 1980 年至 2012 年期间的 1973174 名丹麦出生人口，随访至死亡、移民或 2016 年 12 月 31 日。父亲在受孕前的酒精使用障碍通过丹麦国家患者登记处和处方登记处确定，将最近诊断时间分为<1 年、1-<4 年、4-<8 年和≥8 年。逻辑回归估计了后代死亡风险的比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。所有数据均在 2023 年进行分析。
父亲在受孕前的酒精使用障碍与出生后 1 年的死亡率增加 28%（95%CI=1.09，1.51）、婴儿死亡率增加 23%（95%CI=1.07，1.42）和死产风险增加 23%（95%CI=1.06，1.43）相关。在受孕前 1 年内诊断出的父亲酒精使用障碍与 15-40 岁后代的死亡风险增加 85%-111%相关。最近的酒精使用障碍诊断（即受孕前 1 年）与后代传染性和循环系统疾病死亡风险较高相关。
受孕前患有酒精使用障碍的父亲的后代从出生到成年早期的死亡风险更高，尤其是当酒精使用障碍诊断接近受孕时。目前对父亲在受孕前的酒精依赖使用的认识不足。提倡避免父亲在受孕前饮酒，包括在备孕检查期间教育男性饮酒对儿童健康的影响，可能有助于降低或预防长期后代死亡。
