Huo Yajie, Chen Jie, Zhang Aomei, Zhou Cuilan, Cao Wenyu
Clinical Anatomy and Reproductive Medicine Application Institute, Hengyang Medical College, University of South China, Hengyang Hunan 421001, China.
Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2023 Oct 28;48(10):1539-1545. doi: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2023.230109.
The complement system is an important part of the innate immune system, including more than 50 secretory proteins and membrane-bound proteins, and it contributes to the clearance of apoptotic cells and invading pathogens to limit inflammatory immune responses and maintaining brain homeostasis. Complement activity is strictly regulated to protect cells from random attacks or to prevent the deposition of complement proteins in physiological cases. However, overactivation or abnormal regulation of the complement cascade in the brain can lead to neuronal damage and brain dysfunction. Recent studies have pointed out that changes in complement molecules exist in patients with psychiatric diseases and play an important role in the occurrence and development of diseases by regulating the function of neurons and glial cells. Therefore, summarizing the latest research progress of complement system in psychiatric diseases such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, major depression, bipolar disorder and anxiety disorder can provide new ideas for preventing and controlling psychiatric diseases caused by abnormal activation of complement system.
补体系统是固有免疫系统的重要组成部分，包括50多种分泌蛋白和膜结合蛋白，它有助于清除凋亡细胞和入侵病原体，以限制炎症免疫反应并维持脑内稳态。补体活性受到严格调控，以保护细胞免受随机攻击或防止补体蛋白在生理情况下沉积。然而，大脑中补体级联反应的过度激活或异常调节可导致神经元损伤和脑功能障碍。最近的研究指出，精神疾病患者存在补体分子变化，并且通过调节神经元和神经胶质细胞的功能在疾病的发生和发展中起重要作用。因此，总结补体系统在精神分裂症、自闭症谱系障碍、重度抑郁症、双相情感障碍和焦虑症等精神疾病中的最新研究进展，可为预防和控制由补体系统异常激活引起的精神疾病提供新思路。
